Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
BackgroundGlobally, iodized salt deficiency affects more than 2.2 billion people, and the effect is severe in pregnant women. Several factors contribute to the insufficient utilization of iodized salt in the population. Knowledge and practice of iodized salt utilization contribute to improving the u...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1529842/full |
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| author | Ejigu Girma Habtamu Molla Ayele Elzabeth Seyoum Getachew Weldeyohannes |
| author_facet | Ejigu Girma Habtamu Molla Ayele Elzabeth Seyoum Getachew Weldeyohannes |
| author_sort | Ejigu Girma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundGlobally, iodized salt deficiency affects more than 2.2 billion people, and the effect is severe in pregnant women. Several factors contribute to the insufficient utilization of iodized salt in the population. Knowledge and practice of iodized salt utilization contribute to improving the utilization of iodized salt among pregnant mothers.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of iodized salt utilization and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the primary public health centers of selected sub-cities in Addis Ababa from 6 May to 20 July 2022, using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. The total sample size was 472 participants. Data entry was performed using Epi Data version 3.1 and imported to SPSS version 23 to perform various analyses. Bivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify candidate variables with a p-value <0.25, and then multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the level and factors associated with iodized salt utilization. In the multivariable model, adjusted odds ratios, together with their corresponding 95% CI, were calculated to assess the strength of association and to declare statistical significance at a p-value <0.05.ResultsAmong the 463 respondents, 190 (41.1%) had good knowledge of iodized salt, whereas 270 (58.3%) had good practices for iodized salt utilization. Occupation, average monthly income, and the number of pregnancies were significantly associated with knowledge of iodized salt utilization. Educational level, average monthly income, and the number of ANC visits were significantly associated with good practices for iodized salt utilization.Conclusion and recommendationsBased on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that women attending antenatal care have low levels of iodized salt knowledge and practice in the study area. Nutritional interventions, such as nutrition education, should be provided to the community, particularly for pregnant mothers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dcb754e869aa470ab837455a7a94c580 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-dcb754e869aa470ab837455a7a94c5802025-08-20T03:26:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-06-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15298421529842Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, EthiopiaEjigu Girma0Habtamu Molla Ayele1Elzabeth Seyoum2Getachew Weldeyohannes3Department of Maternal and Child Health, Yeka Sub City Health Office, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaMaternal and Child Health Directorate, Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health, Yeka Sub City Health Office, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical Colleges, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaBackgroundGlobally, iodized salt deficiency affects more than 2.2 billion people, and the effect is severe in pregnant women. Several factors contribute to the insufficient utilization of iodized salt in the population. Knowledge and practice of iodized salt utilization contribute to improving the utilization of iodized salt among pregnant mothers.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of iodized salt utilization and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the primary public health centers of selected sub-cities in Addis Ababa from 6 May to 20 July 2022, using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. The total sample size was 472 participants. Data entry was performed using Epi Data version 3.1 and imported to SPSS version 23 to perform various analyses. Bivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify candidate variables with a p-value <0.25, and then multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the level and factors associated with iodized salt utilization. In the multivariable model, adjusted odds ratios, together with their corresponding 95% CI, were calculated to assess the strength of association and to declare statistical significance at a p-value <0.05.ResultsAmong the 463 respondents, 190 (41.1%) had good knowledge of iodized salt, whereas 270 (58.3%) had good practices for iodized salt utilization. Occupation, average monthly income, and the number of pregnancies were significantly associated with knowledge of iodized salt utilization. Educational level, average monthly income, and the number of ANC visits were significantly associated with good practices for iodized salt utilization.Conclusion and recommendationsBased on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that women attending antenatal care have low levels of iodized salt knowledge and practice in the study area. Nutritional interventions, such as nutrition education, should be provided to the community, particularly for pregnant mothers.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1529842/fulliodized saltutilizationknowledgepracticespregnant womenAddis Ababa |
| spellingShingle | Ejigu Girma Habtamu Molla Ayele Elzabeth Seyoum Getachew Weldeyohannes Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Frontiers in Nutrition iodized salt utilization knowledge practices pregnant women Addis Ababa |
| title | Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | knowledge and practice of iodine salt utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in addis ababa ethiopia |
| topic | iodized salt utilization knowledge practices pregnant women Addis Ababa |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1529842/full |
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