Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data

Objectives: Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba that causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare and nearly always fatal infection. Other free-living amoebae may cause similar presentations. This study characterizes demographic features, clinical outcomes, and antimicrobial use am...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Thad Wilkins, Alyssa Harris, Will Cagle, Pravin Vikram, Phillip Coule, Jose Vazquez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-10-01
Series:International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971225002231
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849339511901782016
author Thad Wilkins
Alyssa Harris
Will Cagle
Pravin Vikram
Phillip Coule
Jose Vazquez
author_facet Thad Wilkins
Alyssa Harris
Will Cagle
Pravin Vikram
Phillip Coule
Jose Vazquez
author_sort Thad Wilkins
collection DOAJ
description Objectives: Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba that causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare and nearly always fatal infection. Other free-living amoebae may cause similar presentations. This study characterizes demographic features, clinical outcomes, and antimicrobial use among patients coded with naegleriasis in a large administrative database. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the Vizient® Clinical Database, which includes discharge-level data from over 500 U.S. hospitals. Patients discharged between January 2016 and February 2024 with ICD-10-CM code B60.2 (naegleriasis) were identified. Demographics, inpatient mortality, antimicrobial use, and discharge disposition were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: Twenty-two patients were identified. The mean age was 37 years; 73% were adults. In-hospital mortality was 50%. Survivors had longer hospital stays than nonsurvivors. Amphotericin B and fluconazole were the most used antimicrobials. Diagnostic confirmation of PAM was unavailable, and additional clinical details were not accessible. Conclusions: Patients coded with naegleriasis were mostly adults and had lower mortality than expected for confirmed PAM. The 50% survival rate suggests possible misclassification. These findings are hypothesis-generating and highlight the need for case-based studies with laboratory confirmation to clarify epidemiologic trends.
format Article
id doaj-art-dcabd3ec591c429e8fec8f5f2ceae552
institution Kabale University
issn 1201-9712
language English
publishDate 2025-10-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series International Journal of Infectious Diseases
spelling doaj-art-dcabd3ec591c429e8fec8f5f2ceae5522025-08-20T03:44:06ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122025-10-0115910799910.1016/j.ijid.2025.107999Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative dataThad Wilkins0Alyssa Harris1Will Cagle2Pravin Vikram3Phillip Coule4Jose Vazquez5Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA; Corresponding author: Thad Wilkins, MD, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.Vizient, Inc., Irving, Texas, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USAMedical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USADepartment of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USAObjectives: Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba that causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare and nearly always fatal infection. Other free-living amoebae may cause similar presentations. This study characterizes demographic features, clinical outcomes, and antimicrobial use among patients coded with naegleriasis in a large administrative database. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the Vizient® Clinical Database, which includes discharge-level data from over 500 U.S. hospitals. Patients discharged between January 2016 and February 2024 with ICD-10-CM code B60.2 (naegleriasis) were identified. Demographics, inpatient mortality, antimicrobial use, and discharge disposition were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: Twenty-two patients were identified. The mean age was 37 years; 73% were adults. In-hospital mortality was 50%. Survivors had longer hospital stays than nonsurvivors. Amphotericin B and fluconazole were the most used antimicrobials. Diagnostic confirmation of PAM was unavailable, and additional clinical details were not accessible. Conclusions: Patients coded with naegleriasis were mostly adults and had lower mortality than expected for confirmed PAM. The 50% survival rate suggests possible misclassification. These findings are hypothesis-generating and highlight the need for case-based studies with laboratory confirmation to clarify epidemiologic trends.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971225002231Naegleria fowleriCentral Nervous System Protozoal InfectionsAdministrative dataInternational Classification of DiseasesEpidemiology
spellingShingle Thad Wilkins
Alyssa Harris
Will Cagle
Pravin Vikram
Phillip Coule
Jose Vazquez
Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Naegleria fowleri
Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
Administrative data
International Classification of Diseases
Epidemiology
title Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data
title_full Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data
title_fullStr Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data
title_full_unstemmed Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data
title_short Patients with ICD-10-CM codes for Naegleriasis in U.S. hospitals, 2016-2024: A retrospective analysis of administrative data
title_sort patients with icd 10 cm codes for naegleriasis in u s hospitals 2016 2024 a retrospective analysis of administrative data
topic Naegleria fowleri
Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
Administrative data
International Classification of Diseases
Epidemiology
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971225002231
work_keys_str_mv AT thadwilkins patientswithicd10cmcodesfornaegleriasisinushospitals20162024aretrospectiveanalysisofadministrativedata
AT alyssaharris patientswithicd10cmcodesfornaegleriasisinushospitals20162024aretrospectiveanalysisofadministrativedata
AT willcagle patientswithicd10cmcodesfornaegleriasisinushospitals20162024aretrospectiveanalysisofadministrativedata
AT pravinvikram patientswithicd10cmcodesfornaegleriasisinushospitals20162024aretrospectiveanalysisofadministrativedata
AT phillipcoule patientswithicd10cmcodesfornaegleriasisinushospitals20162024aretrospectiveanalysisofadministrativedata
AT josevazquez patientswithicd10cmcodesfornaegleriasisinushospitals20162024aretrospectiveanalysisofadministrativedata