Understanding Smog's impact on healthy male rat physiology: A multi-dimensional analysis
The degradation of air quality is as a prominent socio-environmental challenge. The present study investigated the impacts of extended exposure to smog on the behavioral, immunological, and histopathological profiles among in healthy male rats. Study also explores the impact of smog exposure on the...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025012587 |
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| Summary: | The degradation of air quality is as a prominent socio-environmental challenge. The present study investigated the impacts of extended exposure to smog on the behavioral, immunological, and histopathological profiles among in healthy male rats. Study also explores the impact of smog exposure on the microbial community and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) profiles in rat lung tissues, employing metagenomic analysis. The research utilized an experimental design with two groups, each comprising 12 rats. Group I, identified as the control group, was further divided into subgroups (A-Islamabad & B-Lahore) and placed in a smog-free environment. Group II, the test group, was also subdivided into subgroups (A-Islamabad & B-Lahore) and exposed to a smog-laden atmosphere for a 60-day duration. Subsequently, the rats were humanely euthanized through cervical dislocation for an in-depth histopathological analysis of lung tissues. Behavioral assessments included the open field test, evaluating locomotion, anxiety, and exploratory tendencies. The Y-maze test assessed spontaneous alternation and working memory. Immunological analyses involved the collection of blood samples for the assessment of levels of CD4 and CD8, providing insights into oxidative stress. Lung tissues were meticulously separated for subsequent histopathological examination. Metagenomic analysis of smog-exposed rat lung tissues reveal antibiotic resistant gene profiles. The results of the present study suggested potential alteration in behavior, immunological, and histopathology induced by prolonged smog exposure in healthy male rats. Results reveal a diverse microbial community with concerning implications for antibiotic resistance. |
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| ISSN: | 2405-8440 |