<i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i>
The 14-3-3 proteins play crucial roles in regulating plant growth, development, signal transduction and abiotic stress responses. However, there exists a scarcity of research on the role of 14-3-3 proteins in responding to abiotic stress in apples. In this study, we isolated the <i>MdGRF22<...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/1968 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849704249247662080 |
|---|---|
| author | Jiaxuan Ren Hong Wang Mingxin Zhao Guoping Liang Shixiong Lu Juan Mao |
| author_facet | Jiaxuan Ren Hong Wang Mingxin Zhao Guoping Liang Shixiong Lu Juan Mao |
| author_sort | Jiaxuan Ren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The 14-3-3 proteins play crucial roles in regulating plant growth, development, signal transduction and abiotic stress responses. However, there exists a scarcity of research on the role of 14-3-3 proteins in responding to abiotic stress in apples. In this study, we isolated the <i>MdGRF22</i> gene from the apple 14-3-3 family. Through the screening of interacting proteins and genetic transformation of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and apple callus tissues, the function of the <i>MdGRF22</i> gene under drought stress was verified. The coding sequence (CDS) of <i>MdGRF22</i> consists of 786 bp and encodes for 261 amino acids. Through sequence alignment, the conserved 14-3-3 domain was identified in <i>MdGRF22</i> and its homologous genes, which also share similar gene structures and conserved motifs. Subcellular localization revealed that the MdGRF22 protein was predominantly located in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. The yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis demonstrated a possible interaction between <i>MdGRF22</i> and <i>MdSK</i>. In addition, <i>MdGRF22</i> transgenic plants generally exhibited lower superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities, higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and relative electrolyte leakage under drought conditions compared with wild-type (WT) plants. Our study suggests that <i>MdGRF22</i> may reduce the drought resistance of transgenic <i>A. thaliana</i> and callus tissues by interacting with <i>MdSK.</i> This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the function of 14-3-3 family genes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc941bcbae374d7c917d4597fec106e6 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc941bcbae374d7c917d4597fec106e62025-08-20T03:16:50ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-06-011413196810.3390/plants14131968<i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i>Jiaxuan Ren0Hong Wang1Mingxin Zhao2Guoping Liang3Shixiong Lu4Juan Mao5Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaInstitute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaInstitute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaThe 14-3-3 proteins play crucial roles in regulating plant growth, development, signal transduction and abiotic stress responses. However, there exists a scarcity of research on the role of 14-3-3 proteins in responding to abiotic stress in apples. In this study, we isolated the <i>MdGRF22</i> gene from the apple 14-3-3 family. Through the screening of interacting proteins and genetic transformation of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and apple callus tissues, the function of the <i>MdGRF22</i> gene under drought stress was verified. The coding sequence (CDS) of <i>MdGRF22</i> consists of 786 bp and encodes for 261 amino acids. Through sequence alignment, the conserved 14-3-3 domain was identified in <i>MdGRF22</i> and its homologous genes, which also share similar gene structures and conserved motifs. Subcellular localization revealed that the MdGRF22 protein was predominantly located in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. The yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis demonstrated a possible interaction between <i>MdGRF22</i> and <i>MdSK</i>. In addition, <i>MdGRF22</i> transgenic plants generally exhibited lower superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities, higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and relative electrolyte leakage under drought conditions compared with wild-type (WT) plants. Our study suggests that <i>MdGRF22</i> may reduce the drought resistance of transgenic <i>A. thaliana</i> and callus tissues by interacting with <i>MdSK.</i> This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the function of 14-3-3 family genes.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/1968apple<i>MdGRF22</i>Y2Hantioxidant system |
| spellingShingle | Jiaxuan Ren Hong Wang Mingxin Zhao Guoping Liang Shixiong Lu Juan Mao <i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i> Plants apple <i>MdGRF22</i> Y2H antioxidant system |
| title | <i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i> |
| title_full | <i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i> |
| title_fullStr | <i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i> |
| title_short | <i>MdGRF22</i>, a 14-3-3 Family Gene in Apple, Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance via Modulation of Antioxidant Activity and Interaction with <i>MdSK</i> |
| title_sort | i mdgrf22 i a 14 3 3 family gene in apple negatively regulates drought tolerance via modulation of antioxidant activity and interaction with i mdsk i |
| topic | apple <i>MdGRF22</i> Y2H antioxidant system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/1968 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jiaxuanren imdgrf22ia1433familygeneinapplenegativelyregulatesdroughttoleranceviamodulationofantioxidantactivityandinteractionwithimdski AT hongwang imdgrf22ia1433familygeneinapplenegativelyregulatesdroughttoleranceviamodulationofantioxidantactivityandinteractionwithimdski AT mingxinzhao imdgrf22ia1433familygeneinapplenegativelyregulatesdroughttoleranceviamodulationofantioxidantactivityandinteractionwithimdski AT guopingliang imdgrf22ia1433familygeneinapplenegativelyregulatesdroughttoleranceviamodulationofantioxidantactivityandinteractionwithimdski AT shixionglu imdgrf22ia1433familygeneinapplenegativelyregulatesdroughttoleranceviamodulationofantioxidantactivityandinteractionwithimdski AT juanmao imdgrf22ia1433familygeneinapplenegativelyregulatesdroughttoleranceviamodulationofantioxidantactivityandinteractionwithimdski |