Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections
Due to theoretical and practical applications in biomedical, environmental, and industrial microbiology, robust metrics for quantifying the virulence of pathogens is vital. For many virus–host systems, multiple virus strains propagate through host populations. Each strain may exhibit a different vir...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/5/1/18 |
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| author | Socheata Hour Andrew Pierce Sobroney Ying Heng Ruth Plymale Ruben Michael Ceballos |
| author_facet | Socheata Hour Andrew Pierce Sobroney Ying Heng Ruth Plymale Ruben Michael Ceballos |
| author_sort | Socheata Hour |
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| description | Due to theoretical and practical applications in biomedical, environmental, and industrial microbiology, robust metrics for quantifying the virulence of pathogens is vital. For many virus–host systems, multiple virus strains propagate through host populations. Each strain may exhibit a different virulence level. Likewise, different hosts may manifest different levels of host resilience to infection by a given virus. Recent publications have assessed metrics for quantifying virulence (<i>V<sub>R</sub></i>) from growth curve data. Regardless of the metric used, a feature that most methods have in common is focus on the exponential growth phase of virus–host interactions. Often ignored is mortality phase. Following a report introducing the Stacy–Ceballos Inhibition Index (<i>I<sub>SC</sub></i>), a robust metric to quantify relative virulence (<i>V<sub>R</sub></i>) between viruses, we have turned attention to quantifying relative resilience (<i>R<sub>R</sub></i>) between hosts in single-virus/single-host (SVSH) experimental infections. Although resilience during viral infection impacts the entire host growth curve, <i>R<sub>R</sub></i> has particular biological significance during the mortality phase. In this report, we argue that calculating <i>R<sub>R</sub></i> using a modified <i>I<sub>SC</sub></i> provides a robust metric for comparisons between SVSH infections. Wet lab data from fusellovirus infections in Sulfolobales, bacteriophage infections in Mycobacteriales, and simulated infected-host growth profiles form the basis for developing this metric, <i>R<sub>R</sub></i>, for quantifying resilience. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc93d1ab714242a5bcc598ecdc830701 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| series | Applied Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc93d1ab714242a5bcc598ecdc8307012025-08-20T03:43:47ZengMDPI AGApplied Microbiology2673-80072025-02-01511810.3390/applmicrobiol5010018Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus InfectionsSocheata Hour0Andrew Pierce1Sobroney Ying Heng2Ruth Plymale3Ruben Michael Ceballos4Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USABiology Department, Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, AR 71998, USADepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USABiology Department, Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, AR 71998, USADepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USADue to theoretical and practical applications in biomedical, environmental, and industrial microbiology, robust metrics for quantifying the virulence of pathogens is vital. For many virus–host systems, multiple virus strains propagate through host populations. Each strain may exhibit a different virulence level. Likewise, different hosts may manifest different levels of host resilience to infection by a given virus. Recent publications have assessed metrics for quantifying virulence (<i>V<sub>R</sub></i>) from growth curve data. Regardless of the metric used, a feature that most methods have in common is focus on the exponential growth phase of virus–host interactions. Often ignored is mortality phase. Following a report introducing the Stacy–Ceballos Inhibition Index (<i>I<sub>SC</sub></i>), a robust metric to quantify relative virulence (<i>V<sub>R</sub></i>) between viruses, we have turned attention to quantifying relative resilience (<i>R<sub>R</sub></i>) between hosts in single-virus/single-host (SVSH) experimental infections. Although resilience during viral infection impacts the entire host growth curve, <i>R<sub>R</sub></i> has particular biological significance during the mortality phase. In this report, we argue that calculating <i>R<sub>R</sub></i> using a modified <i>I<sub>SC</sub></i> provides a robust metric for comparisons between SVSH infections. Wet lab data from fusellovirus infections in Sulfolobales, bacteriophage infections in Mycobacteriales, and simulated infected-host growth profiles form the basis for developing this metric, <i>R<sub>R</sub></i>, for quantifying resilience.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/5/1/18resiliencevirulenceSulfolobalesMycobacterialesfusellovirusarchaea |
| spellingShingle | Socheata Hour Andrew Pierce Sobroney Ying Heng Ruth Plymale Ruben Michael Ceballos Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections Applied Microbiology resilience virulence Sulfolobales Mycobacteriales fusellovirus archaea |
| title | Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections |
| title_full | Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections |
| title_fullStr | Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections |
| title_short | Quantifying Resilience in Single-Host/Single-Virus Infections |
| title_sort | quantifying resilience in single host single virus infections |
| topic | resilience virulence Sulfolobales Mycobacteriales fusellovirus archaea |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/5/1/18 |
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