Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescents

Background. Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and bone tissue (BT) quality are often the causes of osteoporosis, which is common not only in adults but also in children. Today, the main strategy for preventing the occurrence of osteoporosis is to achieve the highest bone mass (BM) in childhood an...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: H.V. Beketova, Yu.V. Klymova
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Zaslavsky O.Yu. 2025-04-01
Series:Zdorovʹe Rebenka
Subjects:
Online Access:https://childshealth.zaslavsky.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1803
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850066246744145920
author H.V. Beketova
Yu.V. Klymova
author_facet H.V. Beketova
Yu.V. Klymova
author_sort H.V. Beketova
collection DOAJ
description Background. Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and bone tissue (BT) quality are often the causes of osteoporosis, which is common not only in adults but also in children. Today, the main strategy for preventing the occurrence of osteoporosis is to achieve the highest bone mass (BM) in childhood and adolescence. The main strategy in preventing the occurrence of osteoporosis is to achieve the highest bone mass (BM) in childhood and adolescence. Identifying the most significant factors contributing to the accumulation of BM can prevent fractures not only in the elderly but also in adolescence, when the developing skeleton is extremely vulnerable. The purpose of the research work was to study the BMD indicators and BT quality in schoolchildren and determine their relationship with age, gender, sexual development, physical activity and the le­vel of vitamin D supply. Materials and methods. One hundred and forty-two pupils of Kyiv secondary schools aged 8–17 years were examined. All children underwent anthropometric measurements, and the stage of sexual development according to Tanner was determined. Dual-energy X-ray densitometry was used to assess BMD and BT quality. Low BM for this chronological age was indicated by BMD levels < –2 SD according to the z-criterion. Trabecular BT quality was assessed using the Trabecular Bone Score. Vitamin D deficiency was detected when the level of 25(OH)D in blood serum was below 20 ng/ml, its insufficiency — 21–30 ng/ml, and the optimal level — 31–50 ng/ml. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by generally accepted methods of medical statistics using Microsoft Excel 365 and Statistics (IBM Corp, USA). Results. 6.3 % of schoolchildren had low BM indicators. In children and adolescents with insufficient weight and low physical activity, statistically significantly lower BMD were detected. A statistically significant deficiency of vitamin D was determined in children with low BMD, and with normal BMD, the average level of 25(OH)D was within the limits of its insufficiency. It was found that BMD increases during puberty. Conclusions. Age and level of sexual maturity likely influence BMD and the Trabecular Bone Score. Adequate physical activity, optimal vitamin D status, and maintaining a normal body weight can contribute to higher BMD and overall skeletal health improvement.
format Article
id doaj-art-dc6da476f4014879a3286ab8b0637057
institution DOAJ
issn 2224-0551
2307-1168
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Zaslavsky O.Yu.
record_format Article
series Zdorovʹe Rebenka
spelling doaj-art-dc6da476f4014879a3286ab8b06370572025-08-20T02:48:49ZengZaslavsky O.Yu.Zdorovʹe Rebenka2224-05512307-11682025-04-0120212813510.22141/2224-0551.20.2.2025.18031803Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescentsH.V. Beketova0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8400-4580Yu.V. Klymova1Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineShupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineBackground. Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and bone tissue (BT) quality are often the causes of osteoporosis, which is common not only in adults but also in children. Today, the main strategy for preventing the occurrence of osteoporosis is to achieve the highest bone mass (BM) in childhood and adolescence. The main strategy in preventing the occurrence of osteoporosis is to achieve the highest bone mass (BM) in childhood and adolescence. Identifying the most significant factors contributing to the accumulation of BM can prevent fractures not only in the elderly but also in adolescence, when the developing skeleton is extremely vulnerable. The purpose of the research work was to study the BMD indicators and BT quality in schoolchildren and determine their relationship with age, gender, sexual development, physical activity and the le­vel of vitamin D supply. Materials and methods. One hundred and forty-two pupils of Kyiv secondary schools aged 8–17 years were examined. All children underwent anthropometric measurements, and the stage of sexual development according to Tanner was determined. Dual-energy X-ray densitometry was used to assess BMD and BT quality. Low BM for this chronological age was indicated by BMD levels < –2 SD according to the z-criterion. Trabecular BT quality was assessed using the Trabecular Bone Score. Vitamin D deficiency was detected when the level of 25(OH)D in blood serum was below 20 ng/ml, its insufficiency — 21–30 ng/ml, and the optimal level — 31–50 ng/ml. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by generally accepted methods of medical statistics using Microsoft Excel 365 and Statistics (IBM Corp, USA). Results. 6.3 % of schoolchildren had low BM indicators. In children and adolescents with insufficient weight and low physical activity, statistically significantly lower BMD were detected. A statistically significant deficiency of vitamin D was determined in children with low BMD, and with normal BMD, the average level of 25(OH)D was within the limits of its insufficiency. It was found that BMD increases during puberty. Conclusions. Age and level of sexual maturity likely influence BMD and the Trabecular Bone Score. Adequate physical activity, optimal vitamin D status, and maintaining a normal body weight can contribute to higher BMD and overall skeletal health improvement.https://childshealth.zaslavsky.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1803childrenadolescentsbone mineral densitydua­l-energy x-ray densitometrytrabecular bone scorevitamin dphysical activitypuberty level
spellingShingle H.V. Beketova
Yu.V. Klymova
Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescents
Zdorovʹe Rebenka
children
adolescents
bone mineral density
dua­l-energy x-ray densitometry
trabecular bone score
vitamin d
physical activity
puberty level
title Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescents
title_full Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescents
title_fullStr Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescents
title_full_unstemmed Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescents
title_short Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in children and adolescents
title_sort bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in children and adolescents
topic children
adolescents
bone mineral density
dua­l-energy x-ray densitometry
trabecular bone score
vitamin d
physical activity
puberty level
url https://childshealth.zaslavsky.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1803
work_keys_str_mv AT hvbeketova bonemineraldensityandtrabecularbonescoreinchildrenandadolescents
AT yuvklymova bonemineraldensityandtrabecularbonescoreinchildrenandadolescents