Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic
This study explored changes in leisure styles among adults during the periods before (2019), during (2020–2022), and after (2023) the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and exploratory design was employed using a non-probabilistic sample of 300 participants aged 18–60 years (mean ag...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Social Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/13/12/702 |
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| author | Marcos Gonçalves Maciel Aurora Madariaga Ortuzar José Clerton de Oliveira Martins Luz Anegla Árdila Gutierrez Elena Bendikova Karina Lopes Assis Renato Francisco Reis Dessalegn Wase Mola Ricardo Ricci Uvinha |
| author_facet | Marcos Gonçalves Maciel Aurora Madariaga Ortuzar José Clerton de Oliveira Martins Luz Anegla Árdila Gutierrez Elena Bendikova Karina Lopes Assis Renato Francisco Reis Dessalegn Wase Mola Ricardo Ricci Uvinha |
| author_sort | Marcos Gonçalves Maciel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study explored changes in leisure styles among adults during the periods before (2019), during (2020–2022), and after (2023) the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and exploratory design was employed using a non-probabilistic sample of 300 participants aged 18–60 years (mean age = 31.7 ± 10.8). Data were collected via an online survey using the Leisure Practices Scale, which measures engagement in artistic, manual, physical activity, intellectual, social, touristic, virtual, and contemplative practices. The results showed a significant increase in intellectual activities between the pre- and during-pandemic periods (<i>p</i> = 0.05), with the level of engagement remaining high in the post-pandemic period. Similarly, virtual activities demonstrated a significant increase in engagement between the pre- and during-pandemic periods (<i>p</i> = 0.00), returning to pre-pandemic levels afterward. Artistic (<i>p</i> = 0.91), manual (<i>p</i> = 0.60), and contemplative (<i>p</i> = 0.52) activities showed no significant changes, remaining stable across the analyzed periods. Significant reductions were observed in physical (<i>p</i> = 0.00), social (<i>p</i> = 0.05), and touristic (<i>p</i> = 0.04) activities during the pandemic, with the latter two returning to pre-pandemic levels afterward. These findings underscore the pandemic’s differentiated impact on leisure practices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc60abe6641f4a778cc69bfea68c44ff |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-0760 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Social Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc60abe6641f4a778cc69bfea68c44ff2025-08-20T02:43:49ZengMDPI AGSocial Sciences2076-07602024-12-01131270210.3390/socsci13120702Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 PandemicMarcos Gonçalves Maciel0Aurora Madariaga Ortuzar1José Clerton de Oliveira Martins2Luz Anegla Árdila Gutierrez3Elena Bendikova4Karina Lopes Assis5Renato Francisco Reis6Dessalegn Wase Mola7Ricardo Ricci Uvinha8Department of Human Movement Sciences, State University of Minas Gerais, Ibirité 32400-000, BrazilFaculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Leisure Studies, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbo, SpainPostgraduate Program in Psychology, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60811-905, BrazilDepartment of Physical Education, State University of Londrina, Londrina 87020-900, BrazilDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Catholic University of Ružomberok, 034 01 Ružomberok, SlovakiaDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, State University of Minas Gerais, Ibirité 32400-000, BrazilDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, State University of Minas Gerais, Ibirité 32400-000, BrazilDepartment of Sport Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo P.O. Box 19, EthiopiaSchool of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 03828-000, BrazilThis study explored changes in leisure styles among adults during the periods before (2019), during (2020–2022), and after (2023) the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and exploratory design was employed using a non-probabilistic sample of 300 participants aged 18–60 years (mean age = 31.7 ± 10.8). Data were collected via an online survey using the Leisure Practices Scale, which measures engagement in artistic, manual, physical activity, intellectual, social, touristic, virtual, and contemplative practices. The results showed a significant increase in intellectual activities between the pre- and during-pandemic periods (<i>p</i> = 0.05), with the level of engagement remaining high in the post-pandemic period. Similarly, virtual activities demonstrated a significant increase in engagement between the pre- and during-pandemic periods (<i>p</i> = 0.00), returning to pre-pandemic levels afterward. Artistic (<i>p</i> = 0.91), manual (<i>p</i> = 0.60), and contemplative (<i>p</i> = 0.52) activities showed no significant changes, remaining stable across the analyzed periods. Significant reductions were observed in physical (<i>p</i> = 0.00), social (<i>p</i> = 0.05), and touristic (<i>p</i> = 0.04) activities during the pandemic, with the latter two returning to pre-pandemic levels afterward. These findings underscore the pandemic’s differentiated impact on leisure practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/13/12/702leisuremental healthquality of lifehealth promotion |
| spellingShingle | Marcos Gonçalves Maciel Aurora Madariaga Ortuzar José Clerton de Oliveira Martins Luz Anegla Árdila Gutierrez Elena Bendikova Karina Lopes Assis Renato Francisco Reis Dessalegn Wase Mola Ricardo Ricci Uvinha Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic Social Sciences leisure mental health quality of life health promotion |
| title | Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full | Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_fullStr | Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_short | Leisure Styles in Adults: Changes Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_sort | leisure styles in adults changes throughout the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | leisure mental health quality of life health promotion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/13/12/702 |
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