Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realization

Abstract This paper introduces a novel systematic construction of gapped domain walls (GDWs) within the Levin-Wen (LW) model. By gluing two LW models along their open sides in a compatible way, we achieve a complete GDW classification by subsets of bulk input data, which encompass the classification...

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Main Authors: Yanyan Chen, Siyuan Wang, Yu Zhao, Yuting Hu, Yidun Wan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of High Energy Physics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2025)088
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author Yanyan Chen
Siyuan Wang
Yu Zhao
Yuting Hu
Yidun Wan
author_facet Yanyan Chen
Siyuan Wang
Yu Zhao
Yuting Hu
Yidun Wan
author_sort Yanyan Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This paper introduces a novel systematic construction of gapped domain walls (GDWs) within the Levin-Wen (LW) model. By gluing two LW models along their open sides in a compatible way, we achieve a complete GDW classification by subsets of bulk input data, which encompass the classifications in terms of bimodule categories. A generalized bimodule structure is introduced to capture domain-wall excitations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that folding along any GDW yields a gapped boundary (GB) described by a Frobenius algebra of the input UFC for the folded model, thus bridging our GDW classification and the GB classification in [1].
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publisher SpringerOpen
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series Journal of High Energy Physics
spelling doaj-art-dc52faec132f4fd0ac57ef6d60aedb4c2025-08-20T03:04:07ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792025-06-012025614110.1007/JHEP06(2025)088Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realizationYanyan Chen0Siyuan Wang1Yu Zhao2Yuting Hu3Yidun Wan4State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics, and Institute for Nanoelectronic devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics, and Institute for Nanoelectronic devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics, and Institute for Nanoelectronic devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan UniversitySchool of Physics, Hangzhou Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics, and Institute for Nanoelectronic devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan UniversityAbstract This paper introduces a novel systematic construction of gapped domain walls (GDWs) within the Levin-Wen (LW) model. By gluing two LW models along their open sides in a compatible way, we achieve a complete GDW classification by subsets of bulk input data, which encompass the classifications in terms of bimodule categories. A generalized bimodule structure is introduced to capture domain-wall excitations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that folding along any GDW yields a gapped boundary (GB) described by a Frobenius algebra of the input UFC for the folded model, thus bridging our GDW classification and the GB classification in [1].https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2025)088AnyonsTopological States of MatterTopological Field TheoriesLattice Quantum Field Theory
spellingShingle Yanyan Chen
Siyuan Wang
Yu Zhao
Yuting Hu
Yidun Wan
Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realization
Journal of High Energy Physics
Anyons
Topological States of Matter
Topological Field Theories
Lattice Quantum Field Theory
title Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realization
title_full Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realization
title_fullStr Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realization
title_full_unstemmed Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realization
title_short Classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2+1 dimensions: a Levin-Wen model realization
title_sort classification of gapped domain walls of topological orders in 2 1 dimensions a levin wen model realization
topic Anyons
Topological States of Matter
Topological Field Theories
Lattice Quantum Field Theory
url https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2025)088
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