Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalance

Objective This study aimed to develop a risk prediction model identifying general practices at risk of workforce supply–demand imbalance.Design This is a secondary analysis of routine data on general practice workforce, patient experience and registered populations (2012 to 2016), combined with a ce...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gary A Abel, John L Campbell, Sarah Gerard Dean, Chris Salisbury, Emily Fletcher, Mayam Gomez-Cano, Navonil Mustafee, Andi Smart, Rupa Chilvers, Suzanne H Richards, F Warren
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2020-01-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/1/e027934.full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850107795333971968
author Gary A Abel
John L Campbell
Sarah Gerard Dean
Chris Salisbury
Emily Fletcher
Mayam Gomez-Cano
Navonil Mustafee
Andi Smart
Rupa Chilvers
Suzanne H Richards
F Warren
author_facet Gary A Abel
John L Campbell
Sarah Gerard Dean
Chris Salisbury
Emily Fletcher
Mayam Gomez-Cano
Navonil Mustafee
Andi Smart
Rupa Chilvers
Suzanne H Richards
F Warren
author_sort Gary A Abel
collection DOAJ
description Objective This study aimed to develop a risk prediction model identifying general practices at risk of workforce supply–demand imbalance.Design This is a secondary analysis of routine data on general practice workforce, patient experience and registered populations (2012 to 2016), combined with a census of general practitioners’ (GPs’) career intentions (2016).Setting/Participants A hybrid approach was used to develop a model to predict workforce supply–demand imbalance based on practice factors using historical data (2012–2016) on all general practices in England (with over 1000 registered patients n=6398). The model was applied to current data (2016) to explore future risk for practices in South West England (n=368).Primary outcome measure The primary outcome was a practice being in a state of workforce supply–demand imbalance operationally defined as being in the lowest third nationally of access scores according to the General Practice Patient Survey and the highest third nationally according to list size per full-time equivalent GP (weighted to the demographic distribution of registered patients and adjusted for deprivation).Results Based on historical data, the predictive model had fair to good discriminatory ability to predict which practices faced supply–demand imbalance (area under receiver operating characteristic curve=0.755). Predictions using current data suggested that, on average, practices at highest risk of future supply–demand imbalance are currently characterised by having larger patient lists, employing more nurses, serving more deprived and younger populations, and having considerably worse patient experience ratings when compared with other practices. Incorporating findings from a survey of GP’s career intentions made little difference to predictions of future supply–demand risk status when compared with expected future workforce projections based only on routinely available data on GPs’ gender and age.Conclusions It is possible to make reasonable predictions of an individual general practice’s future risk of undersupply of GP workforce with respect to its patient population. However, the predictions are inherently limited by the data available.
format Article
id doaj-art-dc482156014e4d3c8af14d9ab78850e8
institution OA Journals
issn 2044-6055
language English
publishDate 2020-01-01
publisher BMJ Publishing Group
record_format Article
series BMJ Open
spelling doaj-art-dc482156014e4d3c8af14d9ab78850e82025-08-20T02:38:30ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552020-01-0110110.1136/bmjopen-2018-027934Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalanceGary A Abel0John L Campbell1Sarah Gerard Dean2Chris Salisbury3Emily Fletcher4Mayam Gomez-Cano5Navonil Mustafee6Andi Smart7Rupa Chilvers8Suzanne H Richards9F Warren10University of Exeter Medical School (Primary Care), University of Exeter, Exeter, UK2 Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK2 Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UKCentre for Academic Primary Care, NIHR School for Primary Care Research, School of Socialand Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UKHospital Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA1 Medical School (Primary Care), University of Exeter, Exeter, UKUniversity of Exeter Business School, Exeter, UKUniversity of Exeter Business School, Exeter, UKTangerine Bee, Exeter, UK9 Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UKUniversity of Exeter Medical School (Primary Care), University of Exeter, Exeter, UKObjective This study aimed to develop a risk prediction model identifying general practices at risk of workforce supply–demand imbalance.Design This is a secondary analysis of routine data on general practice workforce, patient experience and registered populations (2012 to 2016), combined with a census of general practitioners’ (GPs’) career intentions (2016).Setting/Participants A hybrid approach was used to develop a model to predict workforce supply–demand imbalance based on practice factors using historical data (2012–2016) on all general practices in England (with over 1000 registered patients n=6398). The model was applied to current data (2016) to explore future risk for practices in South West England (n=368).Primary outcome measure The primary outcome was a practice being in a state of workforce supply–demand imbalance operationally defined as being in the lowest third nationally of access scores according to the General Practice Patient Survey and the highest third nationally according to list size per full-time equivalent GP (weighted to the demographic distribution of registered patients and adjusted for deprivation).Results Based on historical data, the predictive model had fair to good discriminatory ability to predict which practices faced supply–demand imbalance (area under receiver operating characteristic curve=0.755). Predictions using current data suggested that, on average, practices at highest risk of future supply–demand imbalance are currently characterised by having larger patient lists, employing more nurses, serving more deprived and younger populations, and having considerably worse patient experience ratings when compared with other practices. Incorporating findings from a survey of GP’s career intentions made little difference to predictions of future supply–demand risk status when compared with expected future workforce projections based only on routinely available data on GPs’ gender and age.Conclusions It is possible to make reasonable predictions of an individual general practice’s future risk of undersupply of GP workforce with respect to its patient population. However, the predictions are inherently limited by the data available.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/1/e027934.full
spellingShingle Gary A Abel
John L Campbell
Sarah Gerard Dean
Chris Salisbury
Emily Fletcher
Mayam Gomez-Cano
Navonil Mustafee
Andi Smart
Rupa Chilvers
Suzanne H Richards
F Warren
Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalance
BMJ Open
title Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalance
title_full Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalance
title_fullStr Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalance
title_full_unstemmed Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalance
title_short Workforce predictive risk modelling: development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply−demand imbalance
title_sort workforce predictive risk modelling development of a model to identify general practices at risk of a supply demand imbalance
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/1/e027934.full
work_keys_str_mv AT garyaabel workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT johnlcampbell workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT sarahgerarddean workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT chrissalisbury workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT emilyfletcher workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT mayamgomezcano workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT navonilmustafee workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT andismart workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT rupachilvers workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT suzannehrichards workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance
AT fwarren workforcepredictiveriskmodellingdevelopmentofamodeltoidentifygeneralpracticesatriskofasupplydemandimbalance