A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter

This paper proposes a super-twisting sliding-mode control (STSMC) strategy to enhance the efficiency and stability of a heaving point absorber wave energy converter (PAWEC) system equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). In particular, the STSMC is designed to address both gene...

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Main Authors: Zhongfeng Li, Lixian Wang, Lidong Wang, Xiaoping Liu, Zhongyi Wang, Lei Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/7/1214
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author Zhongfeng Li
Lixian Wang
Lidong Wang
Xiaoping Liu
Zhongyi Wang
Lei Liu
author_facet Zhongfeng Li
Lixian Wang
Lidong Wang
Xiaoping Liu
Zhongyi Wang
Lei Liu
author_sort Zhongfeng Li
collection DOAJ
description This paper proposes a super-twisting sliding-mode control (STSMC) strategy to enhance the efficiency and stability of a heaving point absorber wave energy converter (PAWEC) system equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). In particular, the STSMC is designed to address both generator-side and grid-side control challenges by ensuring precise regulation under varying wave conditions. A dynamical model of the PAWEC is developed to describe system responses, while the power take-off (PTO) mechanism is tailored to maintain consistent generator speed and efficient energy conversion. Lyapunov stability theory is employed to verify the stability of the proposed controller. Simulation studies and tests on a small-scale experimental setup with a 500 W PAWEC model under regular and irregular waves demonstrate that STSMC improves generator speed regulation and power output by more than 30% compared to field-oriented control (FOC), nonlinear adaptive backstepping (NAB), and first-order sliding-mode control (FOSMC). The proposed approach also manages grid-side total harmonic distortion (THD) effectively, keeping it below 5%. These results indicate that STSMC can substantially improve the dynamic performance and energy efficiency of wave energy systems.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2077-1312
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
spelling doaj-art-dc3ba61831ea455fb46326af8b0a9a992025-08-20T03:58:26ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-06-01137121410.3390/jmse13071214A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy ConverterZhongfeng Li0Lixian Wang1Lidong Wang2Xiaoping Liu3Zhongyi Wang4Lei Liu5School of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, ChinaSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, ChinaSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, ChinaCollege of Information Sciences and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115100, ChinaThis paper proposes a super-twisting sliding-mode control (STSMC) strategy to enhance the efficiency and stability of a heaving point absorber wave energy converter (PAWEC) system equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). In particular, the STSMC is designed to address both generator-side and grid-side control challenges by ensuring precise regulation under varying wave conditions. A dynamical model of the PAWEC is developed to describe system responses, while the power take-off (PTO) mechanism is tailored to maintain consistent generator speed and efficient energy conversion. Lyapunov stability theory is employed to verify the stability of the proposed controller. Simulation studies and tests on a small-scale experimental setup with a 500 W PAWEC model under regular and irregular waves demonstrate that STSMC improves generator speed regulation and power output by more than 30% compared to field-oriented control (FOC), nonlinear adaptive backstepping (NAB), and first-order sliding-mode control (FOSMC). The proposed approach also manages grid-side total harmonic distortion (THD) effectively, keeping it below 5%. These results indicate that STSMC can substantially improve the dynamic performance and energy efficiency of wave energy systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/7/1214point absorber wave energy converternonlinear dynamic modelingpower take-off controlpermanent magnet synchronous generatorsuper-twisting sliding-mode control
spellingShingle Zhongfeng Li
Lixian Wang
Lidong Wang
Xiaoping Liu
Zhongyi Wang
Lei Liu
A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
point absorber wave energy converter
nonlinear dynamic modeling
power take-off control
permanent magnet synchronous generator
super-twisting sliding-mode control
title A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter
title_full A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter
title_fullStr A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter
title_full_unstemmed A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter
title_short A Super-Twisting Sliding-Mode Control Strategy for a Heaving Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter
title_sort super twisting sliding mode control strategy for a heaving point absorber wave energy converter
topic point absorber wave energy converter
nonlinear dynamic modeling
power take-off control
permanent magnet synchronous generator
super-twisting sliding-mode control
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/7/1214
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