Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genes

Abstract Background Liquid–liquid phase separation has been reported to be closely related to the development and occurrence of tumors, but its role in osteosarcoma remains unexplored. Methods For the first time, based on liquid–liquid phase separation related genes (LLPSRGs), a prognostic model was...

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Main Authors: Jieyang Zhu, Sihui Chen, Jiang Yi, Xu Zhuang, Yun Li, Zhenqi Lou, Jinyu Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Discover Oncology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02769-9
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author Jieyang Zhu
Sihui Chen
Jiang Yi
Xu Zhuang
Yun Li
Zhenqi Lou
Jinyu Zhu
author_facet Jieyang Zhu
Sihui Chen
Jiang Yi
Xu Zhuang
Yun Li
Zhenqi Lou
Jinyu Zhu
author_sort Jieyang Zhu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Liquid–liquid phase separation has been reported to be closely related to the development and occurrence of tumors, but its role in osteosarcoma remains unexplored. Methods For the first time, based on liquid–liquid phase separation related genes (LLPSRGs), a prognostic model was constructed through multivariate Cox regression. The model was validated on an independent dataset. The patients were grouped based on the median risk score. Simultaneously conduct immune infiltration analysis, enrichment analysis and drug sensitivity evaluation. Results We have identified for the first time 3 LLPSRGs associated with osteosarcoma prognosis. A prognostic model was constructed based on LLPSRGs and validated in an independent dataset. The signature is an independent risk factor for osteosarcoma patients, the signature was associated with the tumor microenvironment. Conclusions we conducted a comprehensive analysis of LLPSRGs in osteosarcoma patients for the first time and identified 3 LLPSRGs that may be associated with the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients.
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spelling doaj-art-dc340f04962f4bb886ab75fba658f3fb2025-08-20T02:03:36ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112025-05-0116111110.1007/s12672-025-02769-9Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genesJieyang Zhu0Sihui Chen1Jiang Yi2Xu Zhuang3Yun Li4Zhenqi Lou5Jinyu Zhu6Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of JiaxingDepartment of Orthopedics, First Hospital of JiaxingDepartment of Orthopedics, First Hospital of JiaxingDepartment of Orthopedics, First Hospital of JiaxingSchool of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Orthopedics, First Hospital of JiaxingDepartment of Orthopedics, First Hospital of JiaxingAbstract Background Liquid–liquid phase separation has been reported to be closely related to the development and occurrence of tumors, but its role in osteosarcoma remains unexplored. Methods For the first time, based on liquid–liquid phase separation related genes (LLPSRGs), a prognostic model was constructed through multivariate Cox regression. The model was validated on an independent dataset. The patients were grouped based on the median risk score. Simultaneously conduct immune infiltration analysis, enrichment analysis and drug sensitivity evaluation. Results We have identified for the first time 3 LLPSRGs associated with osteosarcoma prognosis. A prognostic model was constructed based on LLPSRGs and validated in an independent dataset. The signature is an independent risk factor for osteosarcoma patients, the signature was associated with the tumor microenvironment. Conclusions we conducted a comprehensive analysis of LLPSRGs in osteosarcoma patients for the first time and identified 3 LLPSRGs that may be associated with the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02769-9OsteosarcomaPrognosisImmuneLiquid–liquid phase separation
spellingShingle Jieyang Zhu
Sihui Chen
Jiang Yi
Xu Zhuang
Yun Li
Zhenqi Lou
Jinyu Zhu
Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genes
Discover Oncology
Osteosarcoma
Prognosis
Immune
Liquid–liquid phase separation
title Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genes
title_full Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genes
title_fullStr Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genes
title_full_unstemmed Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genes
title_short Prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid–liquid phase separation related genes
title_sort prognostic and immunological characterization of osteosarcoma patients evaluated by liquid liquid phase separation related genes
topic Osteosarcoma
Prognosis
Immune
Liquid–liquid phase separation
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02769-9
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