The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditions
Abstract Two approaches to movement selection, if-then rules versus prospective planning, were investigated. Studies have shown that the rule-based approach leads to more efficient movement selection than the plan-based approach, though the resulting movements are the same. This dual-tasking study i...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81630-5 |
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| author | S. E. M. Stoll A. Wenzel B. Hitzler J. Randerath |
| author_facet | S. E. M. Stoll A. Wenzel B. Hitzler J. Randerath |
| author_sort | S. E. M. Stoll |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Two approaches to movement selection, if-then rules versus prospective planning, were investigated. Studies have shown that the rule-based approach leads to more efficient movement selection than the plan-based approach, though the resulting movements are the same. This dual-tasking study investigates two hypotheses explaining this discrepancy: The efficiency hypothesis states that the rule-based approach to movement selection is more efficient, and its advantage over the plan-based approach increases under any kind of enhanced task demands. The dual-mechanisms hypothesis states that the two approaches to movement selection are based on distinct mechanisms and that they can be differentially affected by secondary tasks. Forty-eight participants selected a grip in order to comfortably rotate a dowel to a target position using the rule- or the plan-based approach. Four dual-tasking conditions were added: Identifying the activity underlying an object-interaction sound, identifying and categorizing the object underlying an object-interaction sound, identifying one of four words that does not match the others semantically, and solving calculations. The rule-based approach led to more efficient movement selection in most dual-tasking conditions. However, its advantage disappeared when the secondary task was to identify and categorize objects. These results strengthen the dual-mechanisms hypothesis, and possible factors distinguishing the approaches are discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc06bc3e66ec43c690014c560e4683dc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc06bc3e66ec43c690014c560e4683dc2025-01-12T12:16:41ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111710.1038/s41598-024-81630-5The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditionsS. E. M. Stoll0A. Wenzel1B. Hitzler2J. Randerath3Department of Psychology, University of KonstanzDepartment of Psychology, University of KonstanzDepartment of Psychology, University of KonstanzDepartment of Psychology, University of KonstanzAbstract Two approaches to movement selection, if-then rules versus prospective planning, were investigated. Studies have shown that the rule-based approach leads to more efficient movement selection than the plan-based approach, though the resulting movements are the same. This dual-tasking study investigates two hypotheses explaining this discrepancy: The efficiency hypothesis states that the rule-based approach to movement selection is more efficient, and its advantage over the plan-based approach increases under any kind of enhanced task demands. The dual-mechanisms hypothesis states that the two approaches to movement selection are based on distinct mechanisms and that they can be differentially affected by secondary tasks. Forty-eight participants selected a grip in order to comfortably rotate a dowel to a target position using the rule- or the plan-based approach. Four dual-tasking conditions were added: Identifying the activity underlying an object-interaction sound, identifying and categorizing the object underlying an object-interaction sound, identifying one of four words that does not match the others semantically, and solving calculations. The rule-based approach led to more efficient movement selection in most dual-tasking conditions. However, its advantage disappeared when the secondary task was to identify and categorize objects. These results strengthen the dual-mechanisms hypothesis, and possible factors distinguishing the approaches are discussed.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81630-5Prospective planningImplementation intentionsDual-taskingMovement selection |
| spellingShingle | S. E. M. Stoll A. Wenzel B. Hitzler J. Randerath The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditions Scientific Reports Prospective planning Implementation intentions Dual-tasking Movement selection |
| title | The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditions |
| title_full | The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditions |
| title_fullStr | The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditions |
| title_short | The stability and modulation of if-then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual-tasking conditions |
| title_sort | stability and modulation of if then rules versus prospective planning in movement selection under dual tasking conditions |
| topic | Prospective planning Implementation intentions Dual-tasking Movement selection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81630-5 |
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