One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experiments

The increasing generation of waste wood (WW) and the demand for activated carbon (AC) in wastewater treatment highlight the need for sustainable alternatives. WW was converted into AC via one-step thermochemical activation using carbon dioxide, steam, or both in a fluidised-bed reactor. A Design of...

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Main Authors: D. Bosch, J.O. Back, M. Spruck, A. Hofmann, A. Bockreis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-12-01
Series:Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601642500180X
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author D. Bosch
J.O. Back
M. Spruck
A. Hofmann
A. Bockreis
author_facet D. Bosch
J.O. Back
M. Spruck
A. Hofmann
A. Bockreis
author_sort D. Bosch
collection DOAJ
description The increasing generation of waste wood (WW) and the demand for activated carbon (AC) in wastewater treatment highlight the need for sustainable alternatives. WW was converted into AC via one-step thermochemical activation using carbon dioxide, steam, or both in a fluidised-bed reactor. A Design of Experiments approach was applied to optimise temperature and residence time. The resulting ACs achieved surface areas up to 708 m2 g−1 and adsorption capacities of 254 mg g−1 for organic micropollutants. The process yielded favourable porosity and surface chemistry. It supports circular economy principles and offers a scalable route aligned with current environmental regulations.
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series Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
spelling doaj-art-dbf015de292240dc8ac0c3522112ad1d2025-08-20T03:05:45ZengElsevierCase Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering2666-01642025-12-011210127310.1016/j.cscee.2025.101273One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experimentsD. Bosch0J.O. Back1M. Spruck2A. Hofmann3A. Bockreis4Josef Ressel Centre for the Production of Powdered Activated Carbon from Municipal Residues, MCI–The Entrepreneurial School, Universitätsstraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Unit of Environmental Engineering, Environmental Technology Department, Waste Treatment and Resource Management, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Environmental, Process and Energy Engineering, MCI–The Entrepreneurial School, Universitätsstraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Corresponding author.Department of Environmental, Process and Energy Engineering, MCI–The Entrepreneurial School, Universitätsstraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, AustriaJosef Ressel Centre for the Production of Powdered Activated Carbon from Municipal Residues, MCI–The Entrepreneurial School, Universitätsstraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Environmental, Process and Energy Engineering, MCI–The Entrepreneurial School, Universitätsstraße 15, 6020, Innsbruck, AustriaUnit of Environmental Engineering, Environmental Technology Department, Waste Treatment and Resource Management, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020, Innsbruck, AustriaThe increasing generation of waste wood (WW) and the demand for activated carbon (AC) in wastewater treatment highlight the need for sustainable alternatives. WW was converted into AC via one-step thermochemical activation using carbon dioxide, steam, or both in a fluidised-bed reactor. A Design of Experiments approach was applied to optimise temperature and residence time. The resulting ACs achieved surface areas up to 708 m2 g−1 and adsorption capacities of 254 mg g−1 for organic micropollutants. The process yielded favourable porosity and surface chemistry. It supports circular economy principles and offers a scalable route aligned with current environmental regulations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601642500180XActivated carbonWaste wood valorisationThermochemical activationMicropollutant adsorptionWater treatmentEnvironmental sustainability
spellingShingle D. Bosch
J.O. Back
M. Spruck
A. Hofmann
A. Bockreis
One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experiments
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Activated carbon
Waste wood valorisation
Thermochemical activation
Micropollutant adsorption
Water treatment
Environmental sustainability
title One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experiments
title_full One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experiments
title_fullStr One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experiments
title_full_unstemmed One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experiments
title_short One-step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption: Optimisation via design of experiments
title_sort one step thermochemical activation of waste wood for micropollutant adsorption optimisation via design of experiments
topic Activated carbon
Waste wood valorisation
Thermochemical activation
Micropollutant adsorption
Water treatment
Environmental sustainability
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266601642500180X
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