Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Abstract In the nanoparticle-on-a-slit (NPoS) cavity, a variation of the nanoparticle-on-a-mirror geometry, a metallic nanoparticle is placed on a functionalized narrow slit created on a metal plate so that two nanometric-scale gaps enable extreme plasmonic localization. For many applications, it is...

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Main Authors: Javier Redolat, Daniel Arenas-Ortega, Ángela Barreda, Amadeu Griol, Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos, Alejandro Martínez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:npj Nanophotonics
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44310-025-00064-7
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author Javier Redolat
Daniel Arenas-Ortega
Ángela Barreda
Amadeu Griol
Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos
Alejandro Martínez
author_facet Javier Redolat
Daniel Arenas-Ortega
Ángela Barreda
Amadeu Griol
Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos
Alejandro Martínez
author_sort Javier Redolat
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In the nanoparticle-on-a-slit (NPoS) cavity, a variation of the nanoparticle-on-a-mirror geometry, a metallic nanoparticle is placed on a functionalized narrow slit created on a metal plate so that two nanometric-scale gaps enable extreme plasmonic localization. For many applications, it is desirable to integrate such cavities on a chip and provide access to (and collection from) the hot spots via integrated waveguides. In this work, we propose, design, and experimentally demonstrate the efficient integration of NPoS cavities with dielectric waveguides on a silicon-based chip. We show that both the fundamental TE and TM modes of silicon-nitride slot waveguides can drive the cavity, making our device polarization-insensitive. We demonstrate our concept by performing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of BPT molecules on a chip fabricated by standard silicon processes mixed with the deterministic positioning of gold nanospheres on the gap of a plasmonic dipole, which remarkably can also work as an infrared antenna.
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issn 2948-216X
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series npj Nanophotonics
spelling doaj-art-dbc9cc3ee86a42cbb7ddb814af51a7912025-08-20T01:51:28ZengNature Portfolionpj Nanophotonics2948-216X2025-05-012111010.1038/s44310-025-00064-7Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopyJavier Redolat0Daniel Arenas-Ortega1Ángela Barreda2Amadeu Griol3Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos4Alejandro Martínez5Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaNanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaDepartment Electronic Technology, Carlos III University of MadridNanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaNanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaNanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaAbstract In the nanoparticle-on-a-slit (NPoS) cavity, a variation of the nanoparticle-on-a-mirror geometry, a metallic nanoparticle is placed on a functionalized narrow slit created on a metal plate so that two nanometric-scale gaps enable extreme plasmonic localization. For many applications, it is desirable to integrate such cavities on a chip and provide access to (and collection from) the hot spots via integrated waveguides. In this work, we propose, design, and experimentally demonstrate the efficient integration of NPoS cavities with dielectric waveguides on a silicon-based chip. We show that both the fundamental TE and TM modes of silicon-nitride slot waveguides can drive the cavity, making our device polarization-insensitive. We demonstrate our concept by performing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of BPT molecules on a chip fabricated by standard silicon processes mixed with the deterministic positioning of gold nanospheres on the gap of a plasmonic dipole, which remarkably can also work as an infrared antenna.https://doi.org/10.1038/s44310-025-00064-7
spellingShingle Javier Redolat
Daniel Arenas-Ortega
Ángela Barreda
Amadeu Griol
Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos
Alejandro Martínez
Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
npj Nanophotonics
title Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
title_full Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
title_fullStr Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
title_short Polarization-insensitive integration of nanoparticle-on-a-slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on-chip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
title_sort polarization insensitive integration of nanoparticle on a slit cavities with dielectric waveguides for on chip surface enhanced raman spectroscopy
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s44310-025-00064-7
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