Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal
Abstract Despite years of a national deworming campaign, the incidence of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remains relatively high among certain ethnic groups, with lifestyle factors distinct from those of the general population. Despite existing studies on the prevalence of IPIs, there is lim...
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BMC
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-024-00694-1 |
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| author | Jitendra Gautam Rajendra Prasad Parajuli Kishor Pandey |
| author_facet | Jitendra Gautam Rajendra Prasad Parajuli Kishor Pandey |
| author_sort | Jitendra Gautam |
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| description | Abstract Despite years of a national deworming campaign, the incidence of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remains relatively high among certain ethnic groups, with lifestyle factors distinct from those of the general population. Despite existing studies on the prevalence of IPIs, there is limited research exploring the contextual associated factors within the Badi Indigenous community. Our objective in this study was to assess the prevalence of IPIs in the indigenous Badi community of Gurbhakot Municipality, Surkhet, Nepal, considering socioeconomic, lifestyle, and behavioral factors. A total of 205 stool samples were obtained from individuals aged 18–70 years through purposive sampling and preserved in a 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. A structured questionnaire was administered to the selected participants. Three diagnostic methods were used: direct wet mount, saturated salt flotation, and formal ether sedimentation. The study revealed an overall parasite prevalence of 27% (n = 55) in the indigenous Badi communities. Protozoan infections were found in 19% (n = 39) of the studied community, whereas helminthic infections were present in only 7.8% (n = 16). The highest prevalence was observed for Giardia lamblia at 16.1% (n = 33), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides at 5.9% (n = 12), Entamoeba histolytica at 2.9% (n = 6), and both Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana at 1% (n = 2). The female population had a higher exposure to E. histolytica (5.8%, n = 6) than did the male population (0%, n = 0). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed increased odds of IPIs among participants involved in agriculture [aOR: 5.37, 95% CI: (2.31 to 12.47)], those who kept free-ranging pigs and poultry [aOR: 5.22, 95% CI: (1.87 to 14.53)], those who did not use soap before eating [aOR: 9.96, 95% CI: (2.11 to 46.99)], and those who consumed raw or undercooked meat [aOR: 2.76, 95% CI: (1.08 to 7.05)] compared with others. Therefore, health education, particularly regarding hygiene practices and lifestyle changes, is crucial for reducing the burden of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) in indigenous Badi communities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dbbdabb2b1b34d79a95ec4387ae0cfc0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-1315 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-dbbdabb2b1b34d79a95ec4387ae0cfc02025-02-09T12:43:01ZengBMCJournal of Health, Population and Nutrition2072-13152024-12-0143111110.1186/s41043-024-00694-1Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western NepalJitendra Gautam0Rajendra Prasad Parajuli1Kishor Pandey2Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University Central CampusCentral Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University Central CampusCentral Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University Central CampusAbstract Despite years of a national deworming campaign, the incidence of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remains relatively high among certain ethnic groups, with lifestyle factors distinct from those of the general population. Despite existing studies on the prevalence of IPIs, there is limited research exploring the contextual associated factors within the Badi Indigenous community. Our objective in this study was to assess the prevalence of IPIs in the indigenous Badi community of Gurbhakot Municipality, Surkhet, Nepal, considering socioeconomic, lifestyle, and behavioral factors. A total of 205 stool samples were obtained from individuals aged 18–70 years through purposive sampling and preserved in a 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. A structured questionnaire was administered to the selected participants. Three diagnostic methods were used: direct wet mount, saturated salt flotation, and formal ether sedimentation. The study revealed an overall parasite prevalence of 27% (n = 55) in the indigenous Badi communities. Protozoan infections were found in 19% (n = 39) of the studied community, whereas helminthic infections were present in only 7.8% (n = 16). The highest prevalence was observed for Giardia lamblia at 16.1% (n = 33), followed by Ascaris lumbricoides at 5.9% (n = 12), Entamoeba histolytica at 2.9% (n = 6), and both Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis nana at 1% (n = 2). The female population had a higher exposure to E. histolytica (5.8%, n = 6) than did the male population (0%, n = 0). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed increased odds of IPIs among participants involved in agriculture [aOR: 5.37, 95% CI: (2.31 to 12.47)], those who kept free-ranging pigs and poultry [aOR: 5.22, 95% CI: (1.87 to 14.53)], those who did not use soap before eating [aOR: 9.96, 95% CI: (2.11 to 46.99)], and those who consumed raw or undercooked meat [aOR: 2.76, 95% CI: (1.08 to 7.05)] compared with others. Therefore, health education, particularly regarding hygiene practices and lifestyle changes, is crucial for reducing the burden of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) in indigenous Badi communities.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-024-00694-1Intestinal parasitesIndigenous Badi communityPrevalenceRisk factorsAwareness |
| spellingShingle | Jitendra Gautam Rajendra Prasad Parajuli Kishor Pandey Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Intestinal parasites Indigenous Badi community Prevalence Risk factors Awareness |
| title | Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal |
| title_full | Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal |
| title_short | Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal |
| title_sort | prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the badi indigenous communities of western nepal |
| topic | Intestinal parasites Indigenous Badi community Prevalence Risk factors Awareness |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-024-00694-1 |
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