Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suits
Fire fighters’ stations suits are expected to have adequate flame resistance for protection of the wearer. At the same time the comfort of wearing is essential to prevent fatigue and to maintain the efficiency during long working hours. Therefore, it is essential to balance these multi responses in...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025008886 |
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| author | Hafsa Jamshaid Awais Ahmad Khan Rajesh Kumar Mishra Naseer Ahmad Vijay Chandan Viktor Kolář Miroslav Müller |
| author_facet | Hafsa Jamshaid Awais Ahmad Khan Rajesh Kumar Mishra Naseer Ahmad Vijay Chandan Viktor Kolář Miroslav Müller |
| author_sort | Hafsa Jamshaid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fire fighters’ stations suits are expected to have adequate flame resistance for protection of the wearer. At the same time the comfort of wearing is essential to prevent fatigue and to maintain the efficiency during long working hours. Therefore, it is essential to balance these multi responses in a scientific manner. This study explores the multi-response optimization of fiber blend composition and knitted structures on the responses like flammability, comfort, and serviceability/mechanical properties, for the development of fire-resistant fabrics. Inherently fire-resistant (FR) fibers like meta-aramid Nomex, FR-Viscose, modacrylic (Protex) and carbon/Pyron fibers (Zoltek) were used in different blends to form yarns. Interlock derivative knitted structures like Cross Relief, Cross Miss and Vertical Tubular were developed. The results have been analyzed using Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) for multi-response optimization. The analysis revealed that the sample with the blend of 70/30 % Protex/Nomex fiber and a Cross-relief structure ranked the best sample in terms of required performance. The percentage contribution of each factor was analyzed using ANOVA (α = 0.05) and visualized using a pie chart. While Factor B (Knitted Structure) demonstrated the highest variance contribution (42.3 %), it was not statistically significant based on the p-value and F-ratio from ANOVA results. The findings of this study are useful for designing flame-resistant uniforms/Station garment for firefighters without compromising wearing comfort so that the efficiency of the workers will not be compromised. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dbb6f4d2c4424a5a92c6c34601ae9b30 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-dbb6f4d2c4424a5a92c6c34601ae9b302025-02-12T05:31:24ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-02-01114e42508Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suitsHafsa Jamshaid0Awais Ahmad Khan1Rajesh Kumar Mishra2Naseer Ahmad3Vijay Chandan4Viktor Kolář5Miroslav Müller6School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, PakistanSchool of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, PakistanDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic; Corresponding author.School of Sciences, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, PakistanDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00, Prague, Czech RepublicFire fighters’ stations suits are expected to have adequate flame resistance for protection of the wearer. At the same time the comfort of wearing is essential to prevent fatigue and to maintain the efficiency during long working hours. Therefore, it is essential to balance these multi responses in a scientific manner. This study explores the multi-response optimization of fiber blend composition and knitted structures on the responses like flammability, comfort, and serviceability/mechanical properties, for the development of fire-resistant fabrics. Inherently fire-resistant (FR) fibers like meta-aramid Nomex, FR-Viscose, modacrylic (Protex) and carbon/Pyron fibers (Zoltek) were used in different blends to form yarns. Interlock derivative knitted structures like Cross Relief, Cross Miss and Vertical Tubular were developed. The results have been analyzed using Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) for multi-response optimization. The analysis revealed that the sample with the blend of 70/30 % Protex/Nomex fiber and a Cross-relief structure ranked the best sample in terms of required performance. The percentage contribution of each factor was analyzed using ANOVA (α = 0.05) and visualized using a pie chart. While Factor B (Knitted Structure) demonstrated the highest variance contribution (42.3 %), it was not statistically significant based on the p-value and F-ratio from ANOVA results. The findings of this study are useful for designing flame-resistant uniforms/Station garment for firefighters without compromising wearing comfort so that the efficiency of the workers will not be compromised.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025008886Fire-resistant fabricsGrey relational analysis (GRA)Analysis of varianceStation suitsFlammabilityThermo-physiological comfort |
| spellingShingle | Hafsa Jamshaid Awais Ahmad Khan Rajesh Kumar Mishra Naseer Ahmad Vijay Chandan Viktor Kolář Miroslav Müller Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suits Heliyon Fire-resistant fabrics Grey relational analysis (GRA) Analysis of variance Station suits Flammability Thermo-physiological comfort |
| title | Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suits |
| title_full | Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suits |
| title_fullStr | Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suits |
| title_short | Taguchi Grey relational analysis (GRA) based multi response optimization of flammability, comfort and mechanical properties in station suits |
| title_sort | taguchi grey relational analysis gra based multi response optimization of flammability comfort and mechanical properties in station suits |
| topic | Fire-resistant fabrics Grey relational analysis (GRA) Analysis of variance Station suits Flammability Thermo-physiological comfort |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025008886 |
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