A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO Radars

The design of the waveform covariance matrix for beampattern matching in colocated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars represents a challenging problem because of its large number of variables and the presence of multiple constraints. The solutions available in the technical literature are...

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Main Authors: Elahe Faghand, Giorgio Guerzoni, Esfandiar Mehrshahi, Giorgio Matteo Vitetta, Shokrollah Karimian
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2024-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
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Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10713388/
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author Elahe Faghand
Giorgio Guerzoni
Esfandiar Mehrshahi
Giorgio Matteo Vitetta
Shokrollah Karimian
author_facet Elahe Faghand
Giorgio Guerzoni
Esfandiar Mehrshahi
Giorgio Matteo Vitetta
Shokrollah Karimian
author_sort Elahe Faghand
collection DOAJ
description The design of the waveform covariance matrix for beampattern matching in colocated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars represents a challenging problem because of its large number of variables and the presence of multiple constraints. The solutions available in the technical literature are computationally intensive and usually rely on iterative procedures that minimize a constrained mean square error (MSE). In this manuscript, a new computationally efficient method for beampattern matching design is proposed. This method, called sequential weight-shift unconstrained programming (SWSUP), allows to compute the covariance matrix of the probing signals achieving a desired beampattern at the transmit side of a colocated MIMO radar. Its derivation is based on the idea of reformulating the beampattern matching problem in an unconstrained form that can be tackled by breaking it into two subproblems. The first subproblem admits a closed-form solution, whose accuracy, in terms of MSE, is comparable to provided by other known methods. The solution of the second subproblem, instead, is evaluated through an iterative procedure and allows to achieve further improvement. Our numerical results evidence that the SWSUP method achieves precise beampattern matching with a substantially lower computational effort and computing time with respect to various existing alternatives.
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spelling doaj-art-db998674bba1482986cbcad410554fcd2025-08-20T02:06:43ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-011215028415029410.1109/ACCESS.2024.347797510713388A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO RadarsElahe Faghand0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6725-0272Giorgio Guerzoni1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5963-9111Esfandiar Mehrshahi2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-0126Giorgio Matteo Vitetta3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-1523Shokrollah Karimian4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6464-373XDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, ItalyDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, ItalyFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, ItalyFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranThe design of the waveform covariance matrix for beampattern matching in colocated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars represents a challenging problem because of its large number of variables and the presence of multiple constraints. The solutions available in the technical literature are computationally intensive and usually rely on iterative procedures that minimize a constrained mean square error (MSE). In this manuscript, a new computationally efficient method for beampattern matching design is proposed. This method, called sequential weight-shift unconstrained programming (SWSUP), allows to compute the covariance matrix of the probing signals achieving a desired beampattern at the transmit side of a colocated MIMO radar. Its derivation is based on the idea of reformulating the beampattern matching problem in an unconstrained form that can be tackled by breaking it into two subproblems. The first subproblem admits a closed-form solution, whose accuracy, in terms of MSE, is comparable to provided by other known methods. The solution of the second subproblem, instead, is evaluated through an iterative procedure and allows to achieve further improvement. Our numerical results evidence that the SWSUP method achieves precise beampattern matching with a substantially lower computational effort and computing time with respect to various existing alternatives.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10713388/Colocated multiple-input multiple-output radarcovariance matrix designtransmit beampattern matchingunconstrained programming
spellingShingle Elahe Faghand
Giorgio Guerzoni
Esfandiar Mehrshahi
Giorgio Matteo Vitetta
Shokrollah Karimian
A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO Radars
IEEE Access
Colocated multiple-input multiple-output radar
covariance matrix design
transmit beampattern matching
unconstrained programming
title A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO Radars
title_full A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO Radars
title_fullStr A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO Radars
title_full_unstemmed A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO Radars
title_short A Novel Method Based on Sequential Unconstrained Programming for Transmit Beamforming in Colocated MIMO Radars
title_sort novel method based on sequential unconstrained programming for transmit beamforming in colocated mimo radars
topic Colocated multiple-input multiple-output radar
covariance matrix design
transmit beampattern matching
unconstrained programming
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10713388/
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