Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters Freestyle
Background. In swimming championships, strategy setting is considered to be the main factor, especially in the middle and long-distance events. Implementing a strategic change can indirectly affect the final results. Objectives. The study aimed to find out whether there were any significant differe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Physical Education Theory and Methodology |
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| Online Access: | https://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2901 |
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| author | Waristra Tyo Nirwansyah Bayu Agung Pramono Gigih Siantoro Muhammad I Dewa Made Aryananda Wijaya Kusuma Muhammad Kharis Fajar Mohamad Rozi bin Yacob |
| author_facet | Waristra Tyo Nirwansyah Bayu Agung Pramono Gigih Siantoro Muhammad I Dewa Made Aryananda Wijaya Kusuma Muhammad Kharis Fajar Mohamad Rozi bin Yacob |
| author_sort | Waristra Tyo Nirwansyah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. In swimming championships, strategy setting is considered to be the main factor, especially in the middle and long-distance events. Implementing a strategic change can indirectly affect the final results.
Objectives. The study aimed to find out whether there were any significant differences in reaction time (RT), final time (FT), and strategy for each split time (ST) in the men’s and women’s 400 meters freestyle events at the Olympic Games held in Tokyo (2021), Rio de Janeiro (2016), and London (2012).
Materials and methods. This study used quantitative methods with a sample size of 48 athletes. The data source included using the secondary data. Descriptive statistics are presented in the form of means and standard deviations. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to test the normality of the data. To compare RT, FT, and ST data, the one-way ANOVA test was conducted. The linear regression test was used to determine the effect of RT on the first ST.
Results. The findings of this study indicate that there were differences in the RT of male athletes during the 3 Olympics. The study also revealed variations in average speed. In general, swimmers accelerated their speed at ST1 and ST8. This occurred at the Tokyo 2021 and Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympics, while at the London 2012 Olympics, swimmers accelerated their speed only at ST1. Additionally, the results demonstrated that RT had an influence of 0.381 (14 %) on the first ST in male athletes, whereas the influence in female athletes was less marked — 0.066 (4 %).
Conclusions. This study concludes that ST1 and ST8 are the most crucial components in the 400 meters freestyle swimming for both male and female athletes. Coaches and athletes must be very careful in carrying out special training at the tapering stage so that athletes can achieve the right time to produce the best performance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-db94cbeef94c4c2b8d695f5d0be6fc69 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1993-7989 1993-7997 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | OVS LLC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Education Theory and Methodology |
| spelling | doaj-art-db94cbeef94c4c2b8d695f5d0be6fc692025-08-20T02:48:46ZengOVS LLCPhysical Education Theory and Methodology1993-79891993-79972024-12-0124692893510.17309/tmfv.2024.6.102923Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters FreestyleWaristra Tyo Nirwansyah0https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2314-9064Bayu Agung Pramono1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9308-1289Gigih Siantoro2https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4377-5218Muhammad3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-1425I Dewa Made Aryananda Wijaya Kusuma4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-7294Muhammad Kharis Fajar5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-7411Mohamad Rozi bin Yacob6https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3046-7351Universitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaUniversitas Negeri SurabayaUniversity of MalayaBackground. In swimming championships, strategy setting is considered to be the main factor, especially in the middle and long-distance events. Implementing a strategic change can indirectly affect the final results. Objectives. The study aimed to find out whether there were any significant differences in reaction time (RT), final time (FT), and strategy for each split time (ST) in the men’s and women’s 400 meters freestyle events at the Olympic Games held in Tokyo (2021), Rio de Janeiro (2016), and London (2012). Materials and methods. This study used quantitative methods with a sample size of 48 athletes. The data source included using the secondary data. Descriptive statistics are presented in the form of means and standard deviations. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to test the normality of the data. To compare RT, FT, and ST data, the one-way ANOVA test was conducted. The linear regression test was used to determine the effect of RT on the first ST. Results. The findings of this study indicate that there were differences in the RT of male athletes during the 3 Olympics. The study also revealed variations in average speed. In general, swimmers accelerated their speed at ST1 and ST8. This occurred at the Tokyo 2021 and Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympics, while at the London 2012 Olympics, swimmers accelerated their speed only at ST1. Additionally, the results demonstrated that RT had an influence of 0.381 (14 %) on the first ST in male athletes, whereas the influence in female athletes was less marked — 0.066 (4 %). Conclusions. This study concludes that ST1 and ST8 are the most crucial components in the 400 meters freestyle swimming for both male and female athletes. Coaches and athletes must be very careful in carrying out special training at the tapering stage so that athletes can achieve the right time to produce the best performance.https://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2901swimming strategyperformanceanalysisolympics |
| spellingShingle | Waristra Tyo Nirwansyah Bayu Agung Pramono Gigih Siantoro Muhammad I Dewa Made Aryananda Wijaya Kusuma Muhammad Kharis Fajar Mohamad Rozi bin Yacob Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters Freestyle Physical Education Theory and Methodology swimming strategy performance analysis olympics |
| title | Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters Freestyle |
| title_full | Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters Freestyle |
| title_fullStr | Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters Freestyle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters Freestyle |
| title_short | Olympics: Improving the Competition Strategy in Each Skill Technique of Elite Swimmers for the 400 meters Freestyle |
| title_sort | olympics improving the competition strategy in each skill technique of elite swimmers for the 400 meters freestyle |
| topic | swimming strategy performance analysis olympics |
| url | https://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2901 |
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