A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic Changes

ABSTRACT Pulmonary amyloidosis is an uncommon but clinically significant disorder characterised by extracellular deposition of misfolded amyloid fibrils in lung tissue, either as part of systemic disease or as a localised entity. We present a case of a 62‐year‐old man with coal workers' pneumoc...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Supriya Peshin, Vaishnavi Kulkarni, Faizan Bashir, Rafi Iftekhar, Jaimin Kapadia, Mabe Donovan, Elie Nader
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Respirology Case Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70211
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849689390392016896
author Supriya Peshin
Vaishnavi Kulkarni
Faizan Bashir
Rafi Iftekhar
Jaimin Kapadia
Mabe Donovan
Elie Nader
author_facet Supriya Peshin
Vaishnavi Kulkarni
Faizan Bashir
Rafi Iftekhar
Jaimin Kapadia
Mabe Donovan
Elie Nader
author_sort Supriya Peshin
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Pulmonary amyloidosis is an uncommon but clinically significant disorder characterised by extracellular deposition of misfolded amyloid fibrils in lung tissue, either as part of systemic disease or as a localised entity. We present a case of a 62‐year‐old man with coal workers' pneumoconiosis and a 40 pack‐year smoking history, who developed progressive dyspnea, chronic cough, and weight loss. Initial chest CT revealed bilateral thin‐walled pulmonary cysts without nodularity. Over several years, the cystic lesions evolved, with interval development of a mural nodule in the right lower lobe. PET imaging was non‐avid, and bronchoscopy yielded nondiagnostic cytology. A left lower lobe wedge resection, performed for a surgically accessible stable cyst, confirmed localised AL (kappa) nodular pulmonary amyloidosis on Congo red staining. Hematologic workup demonstrated an elevated kappa/lambda free light chain ratio without evidence of systemic or cardiac involvement. The patient remains clinically stable under multidisciplinary surveillance. This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity of pulmonary amyloidosis and underscores the importance of including it in the differential diagnosis of cystic lung disease, particularly in the setting of occupational exposure and indeterminate imaging.
format Article
id doaj-art-db7009d4923f49e18186f139c75cb46d
institution DOAJ
issn 2051-3380
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Respirology Case Reports
spelling doaj-art-db7009d4923f49e18186f139c75cb46d2025-08-20T03:21:39ZengWileyRespirology Case Reports2051-33802025-05-01135n/an/a10.1002/rcr2.70211A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic ChangesSupriya Peshin0Vaishnavi Kulkarni1Faizan Bashir2Rafi Iftekhar3Jaimin Kapadia4Mabe Donovan5Elie Nader6Department of Internal Medicine Norton Community Hospital Norton Virginia USADepartment of Internal Medicine Norton Community Hospital Norton Virginia USASchool of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz IranDepartment of Internal Medicine Norton Community Hospital Norton Virginia USADepartment of Internal Medicine Norton Community Hospital Norton Virginia USADepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Norton Community Hospital Norton Virginia USADepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Norton Community Hospital Norton Virginia USAABSTRACT Pulmonary amyloidosis is an uncommon but clinically significant disorder characterised by extracellular deposition of misfolded amyloid fibrils in lung tissue, either as part of systemic disease or as a localised entity. We present a case of a 62‐year‐old man with coal workers' pneumoconiosis and a 40 pack‐year smoking history, who developed progressive dyspnea, chronic cough, and weight loss. Initial chest CT revealed bilateral thin‐walled pulmonary cysts without nodularity. Over several years, the cystic lesions evolved, with interval development of a mural nodule in the right lower lobe. PET imaging was non‐avid, and bronchoscopy yielded nondiagnostic cytology. A left lower lobe wedge resection, performed for a surgically accessible stable cyst, confirmed localised AL (kappa) nodular pulmonary amyloidosis on Congo red staining. Hematologic workup demonstrated an elevated kappa/lambda free light chain ratio without evidence of systemic or cardiac involvement. The patient remains clinically stable under multidisciplinary surveillance. This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity of pulmonary amyloidosis and underscores the importance of including it in the differential diagnosis of cystic lung disease, particularly in the setting of occupational exposure and indeterminate imaging.https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70211amyloidosiscystic lung diseasenodular pulmonary amyloidosisoccupational exposuresmoking
spellingShingle Supriya Peshin
Vaishnavi Kulkarni
Faizan Bashir
Rafi Iftekhar
Jaimin Kapadia
Mabe Donovan
Elie Nader
A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic Changes
Respirology Case Reports
amyloidosis
cystic lung disease
nodular pulmonary amyloidosis
occupational exposure
smoking
title A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic Changes
title_full A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic Changes
title_fullStr A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic Changes
title_full_unstemmed A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic Changes
title_short A Diagnostic Mimic of Lung Cancer: Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis Presenting With Cystic Changes
title_sort diagnostic mimic of lung cancer nodular pulmonary amyloidosis presenting with cystic changes
topic amyloidosis
cystic lung disease
nodular pulmonary amyloidosis
occupational exposure
smoking
url https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70211
work_keys_str_mv AT supriyapeshin adiagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT vaishnavikulkarni adiagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT faizanbashir adiagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT rafiiftekhar adiagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT jaiminkapadia adiagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT mabedonovan adiagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT elienader adiagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT supriyapeshin diagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT vaishnavikulkarni diagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT faizanbashir diagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT rafiiftekhar diagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT jaiminkapadia diagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT mabedonovan diagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges
AT elienader diagnosticmimicoflungcancernodularpulmonaryamyloidosispresentingwithcysticchanges