Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss Model

We study the thermodynamic properties of the generalized non-convex multispecies Curie–Weiss model, where interactions among different types of particles (forming the species) are encoded in a generic matrix. For spins with a generic prior distribution, we compute the thermodynamic limit of the gene...

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Main Authors: Francesco Camilli, Emanuele Mingione, Godwin Osabutey
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Mathematics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/8/1343
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author Francesco Camilli
Emanuele Mingione
Godwin Osabutey
author_facet Francesco Camilli
Emanuele Mingione
Godwin Osabutey
author_sort Francesco Camilli
collection DOAJ
description We study the thermodynamic properties of the generalized non-convex multispecies Curie–Weiss model, where interactions among different types of particles (forming the species) are encoded in a generic matrix. For spins with a generic prior distribution, we compute the thermodynamic limit of the generating functional for the moments of the Boltzmann–Gibbs measure using simple interpolation techniques. For Ising spins, we further analyze the fluctuations of the magnetization in the thermodynamic limit under the Boltzmann–Gibbs measure. It is shown that a central limit theorem (CLT) holds for a rescaled and centered vector of species magnetizations, which converges to either a centered or non-centered multivariate normal distribution, depending on the rate of convergence of the relative sizes of the species.
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spelling doaj-art-db573d677a4e49d7abfba27b79fcf2802025-08-20T03:13:45ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-04-01138134310.3390/math13081343Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss ModelFrancesco Camilli0Emanuele Mingione1Godwin Osabutey2Quantitative Life Sciences, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34151 Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Matematics, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Matematics, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyWe study the thermodynamic properties of the generalized non-convex multispecies Curie–Weiss model, where interactions among different types of particles (forming the species) are encoded in a generic matrix. For spins with a generic prior distribution, we compute the thermodynamic limit of the generating functional for the moments of the Boltzmann–Gibbs measure using simple interpolation techniques. For Ising spins, we further analyze the fluctuations of the magnetization in the thermodynamic limit under the Boltzmann–Gibbs measure. It is shown that a central limit theorem (CLT) holds for a rescaled and centered vector of species magnetizations, which converges to either a centered or non-centered multivariate normal distribution, depending on the rate of convergence of the relative sizes of the species.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/8/1343non-convex Curie–Weiss modelcentral limit theoremIsing modelmultispecies mean-field modelarbitrary spin distribution
spellingShingle Francesco Camilli
Emanuele Mingione
Godwin Osabutey
Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss Model
Mathematics
non-convex Curie–Weiss model
central limit theorem
Ising model
multispecies mean-field model
arbitrary spin distribution
title Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss Model
title_full Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss Model
title_fullStr Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss Model
title_full_unstemmed Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss Model
title_short Limit Theorems for the Non-Convex Multispecies Curie–Weiss Model
title_sort limit theorems for the non convex multispecies curie weiss model
topic non-convex Curie–Weiss model
central limit theorem
Ising model
multispecies mean-field model
arbitrary spin distribution
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/8/1343
work_keys_str_mv AT francescocamilli limittheoremsforthenonconvexmultispeciescurieweissmodel
AT emanuelemingione limittheoremsforthenonconvexmultispeciescurieweissmodel
AT godwinosabutey limittheoremsforthenonconvexmultispeciescurieweissmodel