Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan Coastline
In this study, the activity concentration levels of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in sand samples collected from Shanzu, Nyali, Kenyatta, Tiwi, Shelly, and Diani beaches selected along the Kenyan coastline were determined using a gamma ray spectrometer with a NaI(Tl) detector. The average activity concentrat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6621645 |
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| author | Willis Otieno Gor Odongo Nadir Hashim Margaret Wairimu Chege |
| author_facet | Willis Otieno Gor Odongo Nadir Hashim Margaret Wairimu Chege |
| author_sort | Willis Otieno Gor Odongo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the activity concentration levels of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in sand samples collected from Shanzu, Nyali, Kenyatta, Tiwi, Shelly, and Diani beaches selected along the Kenyan coastline were determined using a gamma ray spectrometer with a NaI(Tl) detector. The average activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in sand samples were analyzed as 87 ± 4, 98 ± 4, and 1254 ± 62 Bq/kg, respectively. Also, radium equivalent (Raeq) activity and internal (Hin) and external (Hex) hazard index were calculated to assess the radiological hazards associated with the use of sand samples as building materials. The average values of Raeq, Hin, and Hex were found as 327 ± 16 Bq/kg, 0.98, and 0.72, respectively. The average values of outdoor and indoor annual effective dose rates were estimated as of 0.23 and 0.63 mSv/y, respectively, which are below maximum recommended limit of 1 mSv/y. Generally, these results indicate no significant radiological health hazards for the studied beaches. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-db53bd10f9b1408d83c36477deea89a9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2356-6140 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-db53bd10f9b1408d83c36477deea89a92025-02-03T05:57:35ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2021-01-01202110.1155/2021/66216456621645Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan CoastlineWillis Otieno Gor Odongo0Nadir Hashim1Margaret Wairimu Chege2Department of Physics, Kisii University, P.O. Box 408, Kisii, KenyaDepartment of Physics, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Physics, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, KenyaIn this study, the activity concentration levels of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in sand samples collected from Shanzu, Nyali, Kenyatta, Tiwi, Shelly, and Diani beaches selected along the Kenyan coastline were determined using a gamma ray spectrometer with a NaI(Tl) detector. The average activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in sand samples were analyzed as 87 ± 4, 98 ± 4, and 1254 ± 62 Bq/kg, respectively. Also, radium equivalent (Raeq) activity and internal (Hin) and external (Hex) hazard index were calculated to assess the radiological hazards associated with the use of sand samples as building materials. The average values of Raeq, Hin, and Hex were found as 327 ± 16 Bq/kg, 0.98, and 0.72, respectively. The average values of outdoor and indoor annual effective dose rates were estimated as of 0.23 and 0.63 mSv/y, respectively, which are below maximum recommended limit of 1 mSv/y. Generally, these results indicate no significant radiological health hazards for the studied beaches.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6621645 |
| spellingShingle | Willis Otieno Gor Odongo Nadir Hashim Margaret Wairimu Chege Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan Coastline The Scientific World Journal |
| title | Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan Coastline |
| title_full | Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan Coastline |
| title_fullStr | Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan Coastline |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan Coastline |
| title_short | Gamma Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Sand Samples from Selected Beaches along Kenyan Coastline |
| title_sort | gamma ray spectrometric analysis of sand samples from selected beaches along kenyan coastline |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6621645 |
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