Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship
Abstract Objective This study aims to investigate the shared risk factors and the causal relationship between esophageal varices bleeding (EGVB) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhotic patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1,223 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis...
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2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-04094-5 |
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| author | Chanchan Lin Yisen Huang |
| author_facet | Chanchan Lin Yisen Huang |
| author_sort | Chanchan Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective This study aims to investigate the shared risk factors and the causal relationship between esophageal varices bleeding (EGVB) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhotic patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1,223 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis at the First Hospital of Quanzhou from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. After screening, 247 patients were included in a 10-year follow-up study. Differential analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to adjust for potential confounders and assess the impact of PVT on the incidence of EGVB. Results Increased portal vein diameter and reduced hemoglobin levels were identified as independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The incidence of EGVB was higher than that of PVT, with a median time to occurrence of 2 months for EGVB and 16.93 months for PVT. Among patients who developed both complications, PVT occurred before EGVB in 61.43% of cases. IPTW analysis revealed that the incidence of EGVB was significantly higher in the PVT group compared to the non-PVT group (P = 0.043), indicating that PVT significantly increases the risk of EGVB. Conclusion Strategies to reduce portal vein pressure and improve anemia may help prevent both PVT and EGVB. Effective management of PVT is essential to reduce the incidence of EGVB in cirrhotic patients. Future research should involve larger sample sizes to further validate these findings. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Gastroenterology |
| spelling | doaj-art-daf5288642754c209c819db2b6d98fea2025-08-20T04:01:41ZengBMCBMC Gastroenterology1471-230X2025-07-0125111010.1186/s12876-025-04094-5Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationshipChanchan Lin0Yisen Huang1Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityDepartment of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical UniversityAbstract Objective This study aims to investigate the shared risk factors and the causal relationship between esophageal varices bleeding (EGVB) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhotic patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 1,223 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis at the First Hospital of Quanzhou from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. After screening, 247 patients were included in a 10-year follow-up study. Differential analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to adjust for potential confounders and assess the impact of PVT on the incidence of EGVB. Results Increased portal vein diameter and reduced hemoglobin levels were identified as independent risk factors for both PVT and EGVB. The incidence of EGVB was higher than that of PVT, with a median time to occurrence of 2 months for EGVB and 16.93 months for PVT. Among patients who developed both complications, PVT occurred before EGVB in 61.43% of cases. IPTW analysis revealed that the incidence of EGVB was significantly higher in the PVT group compared to the non-PVT group (P = 0.043), indicating that PVT significantly increases the risk of EGVB. Conclusion Strategies to reduce portal vein pressure and improve anemia may help prevent both PVT and EGVB. Effective management of PVT is essential to reduce the incidence of EGVB in cirrhotic patients. Future research should involve larger sample sizes to further validate these findings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-04094-5CirrhosisPortal vein thrombosisEsophageal-Gastric varices bleedingPortal hypertensionInverse probability of treatment weighting method |
| spellingShingle | Chanchan Lin Yisen Huang Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship BMC Gastroenterology Cirrhosis Portal vein thrombosis Esophageal-Gastric varices bleeding Portal hypertension Inverse probability of treatment weighting method |
| title | Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship |
| title_full | Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship |
| title_fullStr | Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship |
| title_full_unstemmed | Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship |
| title_short | Portal vein thrombosis and Esophageal-Gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: shared risk factors and causal relationship |
| title_sort | portal vein thrombosis and esophageal gastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis shared risk factors and causal relationship |
| topic | Cirrhosis Portal vein thrombosis Esophageal-Gastric varices bleeding Portal hypertension Inverse probability of treatment weighting method |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-04094-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chanchanlin portalveinthrombosisandesophagealgastricvaricealbleedingincirrhosissharedriskfactorsandcausalrelationship AT yisenhuang portalveinthrombosisandesophagealgastricvaricealbleedingincirrhosissharedriskfactorsandcausalrelationship |