Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Although racism has been posited as driver of racial/ethnic inequities in healthcare, the relationship between racism and health service use and experience has yet to be systematically reviewed or meta-analysed. This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative empirical stud...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2017-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189900 |
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| _version_ | 1849418654572085248 |
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| author | Jehonathan Ben Donna Cormack Ricci Harris Yin Paradies |
| author_facet | Jehonathan Ben Donna Cormack Ricci Harris Yin Paradies |
| author_sort | Jehonathan Ben |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although racism has been posited as driver of racial/ethnic inequities in healthcare, the relationship between racism and health service use and experience has yet to be systematically reviewed or meta-analysed. This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative empirical studies that report associations between self-reported racism and various measures of healthcare service utilisation. Data were reviewed and extracted from 83 papers reporting 70 studies. Studies included 250,850 participants and were conducted predominately in the U.S. The meta-analysis included 59 papers reporting 52 studies, which were analysed using random effects models and mean weighted effect sizes. Racism was associated with more negative patient experiences of health services (HSU-E) (OR = 0.351 (95% CI [0.236,0.521], k = 19), including lower levels of healthcare-related trust, satisfaction, and communication. Racism was not associated with health service use (HSU-U) as an outcome group, and was not associated with most individual HSU-U outcomes, including having had examinations, health service visits and admissions to health professionals and services. Racism was associated with health service use outcomes such as delaying/not getting healthcare, and lack of adherence to treatment uptake, although these effects may be influenced by a small sample of studies, and publication bias, respectively. Limitations to the literature reviewed in terms of study designs, sampling methods and measurements are discussed along with suggested future directions in the field. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-daec3b586af844e4bd4fc69d3c649e81 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-daec3b586af844e4bd4fc69d3c649e812025-08-20T03:32:23ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032017-01-011212e018990010.1371/journal.pone.0189900Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Jehonathan BenDonna CormackRicci HarrisYin ParadiesAlthough racism has been posited as driver of racial/ethnic inequities in healthcare, the relationship between racism and health service use and experience has yet to be systematically reviewed or meta-analysed. This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative empirical studies that report associations between self-reported racism and various measures of healthcare service utilisation. Data were reviewed and extracted from 83 papers reporting 70 studies. Studies included 250,850 participants and were conducted predominately in the U.S. The meta-analysis included 59 papers reporting 52 studies, which were analysed using random effects models and mean weighted effect sizes. Racism was associated with more negative patient experiences of health services (HSU-E) (OR = 0.351 (95% CI [0.236,0.521], k = 19), including lower levels of healthcare-related trust, satisfaction, and communication. Racism was not associated with health service use (HSU-U) as an outcome group, and was not associated with most individual HSU-U outcomes, including having had examinations, health service visits and admissions to health professionals and services. Racism was associated with health service use outcomes such as delaying/not getting healthcare, and lack of adherence to treatment uptake, although these effects may be influenced by a small sample of studies, and publication bias, respectively. Limitations to the literature reviewed in terms of study designs, sampling methods and measurements are discussed along with suggested future directions in the field.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189900 |
| spellingShingle | Jehonathan Ben Donna Cormack Ricci Harris Yin Paradies Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE |
| title | Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_full | Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_fullStr | Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_short | Racism and health service utilisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_sort | racism and health service utilisation a systematic review and meta analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189900 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jehonathanben racismandhealthserviceutilisationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT donnacormack racismandhealthserviceutilisationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT ricciharris racismandhealthserviceutilisationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT yinparadies racismandhealthserviceutilisationasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |