Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.

The prevalences of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased among the Navajo Native American community in recent decades. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is a novel CVD biomarker that has never been assessed in the Navajo population. We examined the relationship...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Molly E Harmon, Matthew J Campen, Curtis Miller, Chris Shuey, Miranda Cajero, Selita Lucas, Bernadette Pacheco, Esther Erdei, Sandy Ramone, Teddy Nez, Johnnye Lewis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2016-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0143102&type=printable
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850189010669928448
author Molly E Harmon
Matthew J Campen
Curtis Miller
Chris Shuey
Miranda Cajero
Selita Lucas
Bernadette Pacheco
Esther Erdei
Sandy Ramone
Teddy Nez
Johnnye Lewis
author_facet Molly E Harmon
Matthew J Campen
Curtis Miller
Chris Shuey
Miranda Cajero
Selita Lucas
Bernadette Pacheco
Esther Erdei
Sandy Ramone
Teddy Nez
Johnnye Lewis
author_sort Molly E Harmon
collection DOAJ
description The prevalences of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased among the Navajo Native American community in recent decades. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is a novel CVD biomarker that has never been assessed in the Navajo population. We examined the relationship of oxLDL to conventional CVD and T2D risk factors and biomarkers in a cross-sectional population of Navajo participants. This cross-sectional study included 252 participants from 20 Navajo communities from the Diné Network for Environmental Health Project. Plasma samples were tested for oxLDL levels by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the relationship of oxLDL and oxidized- to non-oxidized lipoprotein ratios to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6) and demographic and health variables. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity are very prevalent in this Navajo population. HbA1c, CRP, body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were at levels that may increase risk for CVD and T2D. Median oxLDL level was 47 (36.8-57) U/L. Correlational analysis showed that although oxLDL alone was not associated with HbA1c, oxLDL/HDL, oxLDL/LDL and CRP were significantly associated with HbA1c and glucose. OxLDL, oxLDL/HDL and oxLDL/LDL were significantly associated with CRP. Multivariate analysis showed that triglycerides were a common and strong predictor of oxLDL, oxLDL/HDL and oxLDL/LDL. OxLDL was trended with HbA1c and glucose but did not reach significance, however, HbA1c was an independent predictor of OxLDL/HDL. CRP trended with oxLDL/HDL and was a weak predictor of oxLDL/LDL. This Navajo subset appears to have oxLDL levels comparable to subjects without evidence of CVD reported in other studies. The high prevalence of T2D, hypertension and obesity along with abnormal levels of other biomarkers including HbA1c indicate that the Navajo population has a worsening CVD risk profile.
format Article
id doaj-art-dae4a4327f674bfeb807ebbff16669a7
institution OA Journals
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2016-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-dae4a4327f674bfeb807ebbff16669a72025-08-20T02:15:42ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-01113e014310210.1371/journal.pone.0143102Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.Molly E HarmonMatthew J CampenCurtis MillerChris ShueyMiranda CajeroSelita LucasBernadette PachecoEsther ErdeiSandy RamoneTeddy NezJohnnye LewisThe prevalences of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased among the Navajo Native American community in recent decades. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is a novel CVD biomarker that has never been assessed in the Navajo population. We examined the relationship of oxLDL to conventional CVD and T2D risk factors and biomarkers in a cross-sectional population of Navajo participants. This cross-sectional study included 252 participants from 20 Navajo communities from the Diné Network for Environmental Health Project. Plasma samples were tested for oxLDL levels by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the relationship of oxLDL and oxidized- to non-oxidized lipoprotein ratios to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6) and demographic and health variables. Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity are very prevalent in this Navajo population. HbA1c, CRP, body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were at levels that may increase risk for CVD and T2D. Median oxLDL level was 47 (36.8-57) U/L. Correlational analysis showed that although oxLDL alone was not associated with HbA1c, oxLDL/HDL, oxLDL/LDL and CRP were significantly associated with HbA1c and glucose. OxLDL, oxLDL/HDL and oxLDL/LDL were significantly associated with CRP. Multivariate analysis showed that triglycerides were a common and strong predictor of oxLDL, oxLDL/HDL and oxLDL/LDL. OxLDL was trended with HbA1c and glucose but did not reach significance, however, HbA1c was an independent predictor of OxLDL/HDL. CRP trended with oxLDL/HDL and was a weak predictor of oxLDL/LDL. This Navajo subset appears to have oxLDL levels comparable to subjects without evidence of CVD reported in other studies. The high prevalence of T2D, hypertension and obesity along with abnormal levels of other biomarkers including HbA1c indicate that the Navajo population has a worsening CVD risk profile.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0143102&type=printable
spellingShingle Molly E Harmon
Matthew J Campen
Curtis Miller
Chris Shuey
Miranda Cajero
Selita Lucas
Bernadette Pacheco
Esther Erdei
Sandy Ramone
Teddy Nez
Johnnye Lewis
Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.
PLoS ONE
title Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.
title_full Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.
title_fullStr Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.
title_full_unstemmed Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.
title_short Associations of Circulating Oxidized LDL and Conventional Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of the Navajo Population.
title_sort associations of circulating oxidized ldl and conventional biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in a cross sectional study of the navajo population
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0143102&type=printable
work_keys_str_mv AT mollyeharmon associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT matthewjcampen associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT curtismiller associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT chrisshuey associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT mirandacajero associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT selitalucas associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT bernadettepacheco associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT esthererdei associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT sandyramone associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT teddynez associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation
AT johnnyelewis associationsofcirculatingoxidizedldlandconventionalbiomarkersofcardiovasculardiseaseinacrosssectionalstudyofthenavajopopulation