Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Achillea wilhelmsii (AW), a plant rich in flavonoids, including lutein, apigenin, rutin, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, is used in traditional medicine. In this study, the impact of AW extract on the growth, immune response, and biochemical indices...

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Main Authors: Maryam Shadmand, Amin Gholamhosseini, Azadeh Yektaseresht, Mahdi Banaee, Marzieh Heidarieh, Sara Bagheri, Mohammad Karimi, Milad Adel, Caterina Faggio
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:Aquaculture Nutrition
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/anu/2360780
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author Maryam Shadmand
Amin Gholamhosseini
Azadeh Yektaseresht
Mahdi Banaee
Marzieh Heidarieh
Sara Bagheri
Mohammad Karimi
Milad Adel
Caterina Faggio
author_facet Maryam Shadmand
Amin Gholamhosseini
Azadeh Yektaseresht
Mahdi Banaee
Marzieh Heidarieh
Sara Bagheri
Mohammad Karimi
Milad Adel
Caterina Faggio
author_sort Maryam Shadmand
collection DOAJ
description Achillea wilhelmsii (AW), a plant rich in flavonoids, including lutein, apigenin, rutin, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, is used in traditional medicine. In this study, the impact of AW extract on the growth, immune response, and biochemical indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated. Over 8 weeks, fish were fed diets supplemented with varying concentrations of AW extract (0%, 0.5%, 1%, or 2%). No significant differences were observed in growth performance, glucose levels, or key enzymes such as lactic acid dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the AW-supplemented groups and the control group. However, fish that received AW supplementation showed significantly higher levels of total serum protein, lysozyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Moreover, the AW-fed groups exhibited lower mortality after exposure to Yersinia ruckeri. In conclusion, AW supplementation could enhance immune function in rainbow trout and decrease mortality after exposure to Y. ruckeri. Therefore, using this plant (1% and 2%) in aquaculture could be justified as a means to increase resistance to pathogens and improve the immune system performance of fish.
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spelling doaj-art-dac756e5fdc04277b5a7d633e66945d32025-08-20T02:16:05ZengWileyAquaculture Nutrition1365-20952025-01-01202510.1155/anu/2360780Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)Maryam Shadmand0Amin Gholamhosseini1Azadeh Yektaseresht2Mahdi Banaee3Marzieh Heidarieh4Sara Bagheri5Mohammad Karimi6Milad Adel7Caterina Faggio8Division of Aquatic Animal Health and DiseasesDivision of Aquatic Animal Health and DiseasesDepartment of PathobiologyDepartment of AquacultureNuclear Science and Technology Research InstituteDivision of Aquatic Animal Health and DiseasesDivision of Aquatic Animal Health and DiseasesDepartment of Aquatic Animal Health and DiseasesDepartment of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental SciencesAchillea wilhelmsii (AW), a plant rich in flavonoids, including lutein, apigenin, rutin, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, is used in traditional medicine. In this study, the impact of AW extract on the growth, immune response, and biochemical indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated. Over 8 weeks, fish were fed diets supplemented with varying concentrations of AW extract (0%, 0.5%, 1%, or 2%). No significant differences were observed in growth performance, glucose levels, or key enzymes such as lactic acid dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the AW-supplemented groups and the control group. However, fish that received AW supplementation showed significantly higher levels of total serum protein, lysozyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Moreover, the AW-fed groups exhibited lower mortality after exposure to Yersinia ruckeri. In conclusion, AW supplementation could enhance immune function in rainbow trout and decrease mortality after exposure to Y. ruckeri. Therefore, using this plant (1% and 2%) in aquaculture could be justified as a means to increase resistance to pathogens and improve the immune system performance of fish.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/anu/2360780
spellingShingle Maryam Shadmand
Amin Gholamhosseini
Azadeh Yektaseresht
Mahdi Banaee
Marzieh Heidarieh
Sara Bagheri
Mohammad Karimi
Milad Adel
Caterina Faggio
Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Aquaculture Nutrition
title Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
title_full Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
title_fullStr Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
title_short Investigation of the Oral Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Wild Yarrow (Achillea wilhelmsii) on Growth Performance, Immune, and Biochemical Serum Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
title_sort investigation of the oral effects of alcoholic extract of wild yarrow achillea wilhelmsii on growth performance immune and biochemical serum responses in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/anu/2360780
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