Autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy
Abstract The immunotherapy targeting tumor immune escape mechanisms has become a critical strategy in anticancer treatment; however, the challenge of immune resistance remains significant. Autophagy, a cellular response to various stressors, involves the degradation of damaged proteins and organelle...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Molecular Cancer |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-025-02277-y |
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| author | Huan Wang Peng Sun Xijing Yuan Zhiyong Xu Xinyuan Jiang Mingshu Xiao Xin Yao Yueli Shi |
| author_facet | Huan Wang Peng Sun Xijing Yuan Zhiyong Xu Xinyuan Jiang Mingshu Xiao Xin Yao Yueli Shi |
| author_sort | Huan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The immunotherapy targeting tumor immune escape mechanisms has become a critical strategy in anticancer treatment; however, the challenge of immune resistance remains significant. Autophagy, a cellular response to various stressors, involves the degradation of damaged proteins and organelles via lysosomal pathways, maintaining cellular homeostasis. This process not only supports tumor cell survival but also profoundly impacts the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. The modulation of autophagy in tumor cells or immune cells exerts dual effects on tumor immune escape and immunotherapy. However, the mechanistic details of how autophagy influences the immune system and therapy remain inadequately understood. Given this complexity, a deeper understanding of the role of autophagy in the tumor-immune landscape could reveal novel therapeutic avenues. By manipulating autophagy appropriately, it may be possible to overcome immune resistance and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic strategies. This article summarizes the role of autophagy in tumor immunity, its relationship with immunotherapy, and the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting autophagy to strengthen antitumor immune responses and optimize the outcomes of immunotherapy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dac20785b3454ff79f6900a64d324389 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1476-4598 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Cancer |
| spelling | doaj-art-dac20785b3454ff79f6900a64d3243892025-08-20T03:41:49ZengBMCMolecular Cancer1476-45982025-03-0124112110.1186/s12943-025-02277-yAutophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapyHuan Wang0Peng Sun1Xijing Yuan2Zhiyong Xu3Xinyuan Jiang4Mingshu Xiao5Xin Yao6Yueli Shi7Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Oncology Medicine, the, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and Internation School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Oncology Medicine, the, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and Internation School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Oncology Medicine, the, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and Internation School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Oncology Medicine, the, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and Internation School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityAbstract The immunotherapy targeting tumor immune escape mechanisms has become a critical strategy in anticancer treatment; however, the challenge of immune resistance remains significant. Autophagy, a cellular response to various stressors, involves the degradation of damaged proteins and organelles via lysosomal pathways, maintaining cellular homeostasis. This process not only supports tumor cell survival but also profoundly impacts the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. The modulation of autophagy in tumor cells or immune cells exerts dual effects on tumor immune escape and immunotherapy. However, the mechanistic details of how autophagy influences the immune system and therapy remain inadequately understood. Given this complexity, a deeper understanding of the role of autophagy in the tumor-immune landscape could reveal novel therapeutic avenues. By manipulating autophagy appropriately, it may be possible to overcome immune resistance and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic strategies. This article summarizes the role of autophagy in tumor immunity, its relationship with immunotherapy, and the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting autophagy to strengthen antitumor immune responses and optimize the outcomes of immunotherapy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-025-02277-yAutophagyImmune escapeImmune resistanceTumor immune microenvironmentCancer |
| spellingShingle | Huan Wang Peng Sun Xijing Yuan Zhiyong Xu Xinyuan Jiang Mingshu Xiao Xin Yao Yueli Shi Autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy Molecular Cancer Autophagy Immune escape Immune resistance Tumor immune microenvironment Cancer |
| title | Autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy |
| title_full | Autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy |
| title_short | Autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy |
| title_sort | autophagy in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy |
| topic | Autophagy Immune escape Immune resistance Tumor immune microenvironment Cancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-025-02277-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT huanwang autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy AT pengsun autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy AT xijingyuan autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy AT zhiyongxu autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy AT xinyuanjiang autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy AT mingshuxiao autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy AT xinyao autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy AT yuelishi autophagyintumorimmuneescapeandimmunotherapy |