Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbird

Animals' performance of basic functional behaviours, such as foraging and movement, may improve with age as a result of past experiences. In migratory birds, for example, due to earlier or more efficient migration, older and likely more experienced individuals tend to arrive at breeding sites e...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hugo R. S. Ferreira, Jocelyn Champagnon, Thomas Blanchon, Tamar Lok, José A. Alves
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Avian Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/jav.03387
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849424769454178304
author Hugo R. S. Ferreira
Jocelyn Champagnon
Thomas Blanchon
Tamar Lok
José A. Alves
author_facet Hugo R. S. Ferreira
Jocelyn Champagnon
Thomas Blanchon
Tamar Lok
José A. Alves
author_sort Hugo R. S. Ferreira
collection DOAJ
description Animals' performance of basic functional behaviours, such as foraging and movement, may improve with age as a result of past experiences. In migratory birds, for example, due to earlier or more efficient migration, older and likely more experienced individuals tend to arrive at breeding sites earlier and enjoy better breeding conditions than younger conspecifics, resulting in a higher reproductive success. Yet, despite the advantages of early arrival for breeding adults, the long‐term effects of fledging early and/or with a higher body condition on chicks' future fitness prospects remain largely unexplored. In differential migration systems, low‐quality or socially subordinate individuals may be constrained to sub‐optimal migratory behaviours associated with lower demographic rates. Therefore, producing high‐quality chicks may enhance the survival of offspring. In this study, we analysed data from the long‐term ringing programme on the breeding population of Eurasian spoonbills in the Camargue (southern France) to investigate how breeder age may influence the timing of breeding and, in turn, how this may affect chick body condition and their subsequent migratory behaviour. Using breeding resightings of birds individually marked as a chick since 2008, combined with chick biometric measurements and subsequent winter resightings of offspring, we show that older spoonbills tend to breed earlier in the season than younger individuals, and that early breeders, regardless of age, are more likely to produce chicks with higher body condition than late breeders. Finally, migratory behaviour of juveniles appears to be influenced by the timing of breeding, with later‐born juveniles tending to undertake less demanding migrations (without crossing major ecological barriers) than juveniles born earlier in the breeding season. Our study therefore highlights the relevance of long‐term studies to better understand the complex breeding phenology of migratory species, which can lead to changes in population‐level patterns and processes.
format Article
id doaj-art-dab3e7003502446fa6c5b2ef60af75ae
institution Kabale University
issn 0908-8857
1600-048X
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Journal of Avian Biology
spelling doaj-art-dab3e7003502446fa6c5b2ef60af75ae2025-08-20T03:30:01ZengWileyJournal of Avian Biology0908-88571600-048X2025-05-0120253n/an/a10.1002/jav.03387Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbirdHugo R. S. Ferreira0Jocelyn Champagnon1Thomas Blanchon2Tamar Lok3José A. Alves4Dep. Biologia and CESAM – Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro PortugalTour du Valat, Research institute for the conservation of Mediterranean wetlands Le Sambuc Arles FranceTour du Valat, Research institute for the conservation of Mediterranean wetlands Le Sambuc Arles FranceDepartment of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Texel the NetherlandsDep. Biologia and CESAM – Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Universidade de Aveiro Aveiro PortugalAnimals' performance of basic functional behaviours, such as foraging and movement, may improve with age as a result of past experiences. In migratory birds, for example, due to earlier or more efficient migration, older and likely more experienced individuals tend to arrive at breeding sites earlier and enjoy better breeding conditions than younger conspecifics, resulting in a higher reproductive success. Yet, despite the advantages of early arrival for breeding adults, the long‐term effects of fledging early and/or with a higher body condition on chicks' future fitness prospects remain largely unexplored. In differential migration systems, low‐quality or socially subordinate individuals may be constrained to sub‐optimal migratory behaviours associated with lower demographic rates. Therefore, producing high‐quality chicks may enhance the survival of offspring. In this study, we analysed data from the long‐term ringing programme on the breeding population of Eurasian spoonbills in the Camargue (southern France) to investigate how breeder age may influence the timing of breeding and, in turn, how this may affect chick body condition and their subsequent migratory behaviour. Using breeding resightings of birds individually marked as a chick since 2008, combined with chick biometric measurements and subsequent winter resightings of offspring, we show that older spoonbills tend to breed earlier in the season than younger individuals, and that early breeders, regardless of age, are more likely to produce chicks with higher body condition than late breeders. Finally, migratory behaviour of juveniles appears to be influenced by the timing of breeding, with later‐born juveniles tending to undertake less demanding migrations (without crossing major ecological barriers) than juveniles born earlier in the breeding season. Our study therefore highlights the relevance of long‐term studies to better understand the complex breeding phenology of migratory species, which can lead to changes in population‐level patterns and processes.https://doi.org/10.1002/jav.03387breeding performanceecological barriersjuvenile migratory behaviourontogenyPlatalea leucorodiascale-mass-index
spellingShingle Hugo R. S. Ferreira
Jocelyn Champagnon
Thomas Blanchon
Tamar Lok
José A. Alves
Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbird
Journal of Avian Biology
breeding performance
ecological barriers
juvenile migratory behaviour
ontogeny
Platalea leucorodia
scale-mass-index
title Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbird
title_full Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbird
title_fullStr Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbird
title_full_unstemmed Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbird
title_short Do older parents do better? Relationships between parental age, chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial‐breeding waterbird
title_sort do older parents do better relationships between parental age chick body condition and migratory behaviour in a colonial breeding waterbird
topic breeding performance
ecological barriers
juvenile migratory behaviour
ontogeny
Platalea leucorodia
scale-mass-index
url https://doi.org/10.1002/jav.03387
work_keys_str_mv AT hugorsferreira doolderparentsdobetterrelationshipsbetweenparentalagechickbodyconditionandmigratorybehaviourinacolonialbreedingwaterbird
AT jocelynchampagnon doolderparentsdobetterrelationshipsbetweenparentalagechickbodyconditionandmigratorybehaviourinacolonialbreedingwaterbird
AT thomasblanchon doolderparentsdobetterrelationshipsbetweenparentalagechickbodyconditionandmigratorybehaviourinacolonialbreedingwaterbird
AT tamarlok doolderparentsdobetterrelationshipsbetweenparentalagechickbodyconditionandmigratorybehaviourinacolonialbreedingwaterbird
AT joseaalves doolderparentsdobetterrelationshipsbetweenparentalagechickbodyconditionandmigratorybehaviourinacolonialbreedingwaterbird