The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence

Abstract Background Previous research has estimated the genetic and environmental contribution to individual differences in emotional overeating in toddlerhood and early childhood. However, little is known how this behaviour tracks into adolescence. Here, we aimed to replicated previous work and exa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Vaishnavi K. Madhavan, Zeynep Nas, Jacqueline Blissett, Clare Llewellyn, Moritz Herle
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-025-01714-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850197606419922944
author Vaishnavi K. Madhavan
Zeynep Nas
Jacqueline Blissett
Clare Llewellyn
Moritz Herle
author_facet Vaishnavi K. Madhavan
Zeynep Nas
Jacqueline Blissett
Clare Llewellyn
Moritz Herle
author_sort Vaishnavi K. Madhavan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Previous research has estimated the genetic and environmental contribution to individual differences in emotional overeating in toddlerhood and early childhood. However, little is known how this behaviour tracks into adolescence. Here, we aimed to replicated previous work and examine the aetiology of stability and change in emotional overeating across time. Methods Data were from the UK Gemini Twin Study, which includes 2402 twin pairs born in 2007. Parents reported on children’s emotional overeating at 16 months (n = 3784), 5 years (n = 2064), and 12 years (n = 964), using the Emotional Overeating Scale of the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) at 5 and 12 years, and the CEBQ-T (toddler version) at 16 months. A Cholesky Decomposition twin model was used to quantify the additive genetic, shared, and nonshared environmental influences on emotional overeating at each time point, partitioned into aetiological effects unique to each age and those carried across time. Results Additive genetic effects were minimal at 16 months and 5 years (9% and 7% respectively) but increased to 34% by 12 years. Shared environmental effects explained the majority of variance in emotional overeating at all three time points, but significantly less at 12 years (41%) than earlier (> 81%). The longitudinal phenotypic associations (r = 0.23–0.43) were explained by the shared environment. Conclusion The shared environment plays a major role in the development of emotional overeating in early life. Most aetiological influences on emotional overeating were unique to each age, indicating the need for family-based interventions targeted to each developmental stage.
format Article
id doaj-art-dab3c3d2963b445b825ed830b922ef7c
institution OA Journals
issn 1479-5868
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
spelling doaj-art-dab3c3d2963b445b825ed830b922ef7c2025-08-20T02:13:06ZengBMCInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity1479-58682025-02-0122111110.1186/s12966-025-01714-xThe development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescenceVaishnavi K. Madhavan0Zeynep Nas1Jacqueline Blissett2Clare Llewellyn3Moritz Herle4Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonDepartment of Behavioural Science & Health, University College LondonSchool of Psychology & Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston UniversityDepartment of Behavioural Science & Health, University College LondonSocial, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College LondonAbstract Background Previous research has estimated the genetic and environmental contribution to individual differences in emotional overeating in toddlerhood and early childhood. However, little is known how this behaviour tracks into adolescence. Here, we aimed to replicated previous work and examine the aetiology of stability and change in emotional overeating across time. Methods Data were from the UK Gemini Twin Study, which includes 2402 twin pairs born in 2007. Parents reported on children’s emotional overeating at 16 months (n = 3784), 5 years (n = 2064), and 12 years (n = 964), using the Emotional Overeating Scale of the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) at 5 and 12 years, and the CEBQ-T (toddler version) at 16 months. A Cholesky Decomposition twin model was used to quantify the additive genetic, shared, and nonshared environmental influences on emotional overeating at each time point, partitioned into aetiological effects unique to each age and those carried across time. Results Additive genetic effects were minimal at 16 months and 5 years (9% and 7% respectively) but increased to 34% by 12 years. Shared environmental effects explained the majority of variance in emotional overeating at all three time points, but significantly less at 12 years (41%) than earlier (> 81%). The longitudinal phenotypic associations (r = 0.23–0.43) were explained by the shared environment. Conclusion The shared environment plays a major role in the development of emotional overeating in early life. Most aetiological influences on emotional overeating were unique to each age, indicating the need for family-based interventions targeted to each developmental stage.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-025-01714-xDevelopmental psychologyGemini twin studyEating behaviourBehaviour genetics
spellingShingle Vaishnavi K. Madhavan
Zeynep Nas
Jacqueline Blissett
Clare Llewellyn
Moritz Herle
The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
Developmental psychology
Gemini twin study
Eating behaviour
Behaviour genetics
title The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence
title_full The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence
title_fullStr The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence
title_full_unstemmed The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence
title_short The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence
title_sort development of emotional overeating a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence
topic Developmental psychology
Gemini twin study
Eating behaviour
Behaviour genetics
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-025-01714-x
work_keys_str_mv AT vaishnavikmadhavan thedevelopmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT zeynepnas thedevelopmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT jacquelineblissett thedevelopmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT clarellewellyn thedevelopmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT moritzherle thedevelopmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT vaishnavikmadhavan developmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT zeynepnas developmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT jacquelineblissett developmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT clarellewellyn developmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence
AT moritzherle developmentofemotionalovereatingalongitudinaltwinstudyfromtoddlerhoodtoearlyadolescence