Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopenia

IntroductionNewborn screening for immunodeficiency has led to the identification of numerous cases for which the causal etiology is unknown.MethodsHere we report the diagnosis of T lymphopenia of unknown etiology in a male proband. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was employed to nominate candidate vari...

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Main Authors: Robert Sertori, Billy Truong, Manoj K. Singh, Susan Shinton, Rachael Price, Andrew Sharo, Paulameena Shultes, Uma Sunderam, Sadhna Rana, Rajgopal Srinivasan, Sutapa Datta, Joan Font-Burgada, Steven E. Brenner, Jennifer M. Puck, David L. Wiest
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1539848/full
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author Robert Sertori
Billy Truong
Manoj K. Singh
Susan Shinton
Rachael Price
Andrew Sharo
Paulameena Shultes
Uma Sunderam
Sadhna Rana
Rajgopal Srinivasan
Sutapa Datta
Joan Font-Burgada
Steven E. Brenner
Jennifer M. Puck
Jennifer M. Puck
David L. Wiest
author_facet Robert Sertori
Billy Truong
Manoj K. Singh
Susan Shinton
Rachael Price
Andrew Sharo
Paulameena Shultes
Uma Sunderam
Sadhna Rana
Rajgopal Srinivasan
Sutapa Datta
Joan Font-Burgada
Steven E. Brenner
Jennifer M. Puck
Jennifer M. Puck
David L. Wiest
author_sort Robert Sertori
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionNewborn screening for immunodeficiency has led to the identification of numerous cases for which the causal etiology is unknown.MethodsHere we report the diagnosis of T lymphopenia of unknown etiology in a male proband. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was employed to nominate candidate variants, which were then analyzed functionally in zebrafish and in mice bearing orthologous mutations.ResultsWES revealed missense mutations in CHTF18 that were inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. CTF18, encoded by the CHTF18 gene, is a component of a secondary clamp loader, which is primarily thought to function by promoting DNA replication. We determined that the patient’s variants in CHTF18 (CTF18 R751W and E851Q) were damaging to function and severely attenuated the capacity of CTF18 to support hematopoiesis and lymphoid development, strongly suggesting that they were responsible for his T lymphopenia; however, the function of CTF18 appeared to be unrelated to its role as a clamp loader. DNA-damage, expected when replication is impaired, was not evident by expression profiling in murine Chtf18 mutant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), nor was development of Ctf18-deficient progenitors rescued by p53 loss. Instead, we observed an expression signature suggesting disruption of HSPC positioning and migration. Indeed, the positioning of HSPC in ctf18 morphant zebrafish embryos was perturbed, suggesting that HSPC function was impaired through disrupted positioning in hematopoietic organs.DiscussionAccordingly, we propose that T lymphopenia in our patient resulted from disturbed cell-cell contacts and migration of HSPC, caused by a non-canonical function of CHTF18 in regulating gene expression.
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spelling doaj-art-da48a15193f94874b73a0351efa02b822025-08-20T02:13:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-02-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15398481539848Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopeniaRobert Sertori0Billy Truong1Manoj K. Singh2Susan Shinton3Rachael Price4Andrew Sharo5Paulameena Shultes6Uma Sunderam7Sadhna Rana8Rajgopal Srinivasan9Sutapa Datta10Joan Font-Burgada11Steven E. Brenner12Jennifer M. Puck13Jennifer M. Puck14David L. Wiest15Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesNuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesNuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesNuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesNuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesCenter for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United StatesCenter for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United StatesInnovation Labs, Tata Consultancy Services, Hyderabad, IndiaInnovation Labs, Tata Consultancy Services, Hyderabad, IndiaInnovation Labs, Tata Consultancy Services, Hyderabad, IndiaInnovation Labs, Tata Consultancy Services, Hyderabad, IndiaCancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesCenter for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, CA, United StatesNuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesIntroductionNewborn screening for immunodeficiency has led to the identification of numerous cases for which the causal etiology is unknown.MethodsHere we report the diagnosis of T lymphopenia of unknown etiology in a male proband. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was employed to nominate candidate variants, which were then analyzed functionally in zebrafish and in mice bearing orthologous mutations.ResultsWES revealed missense mutations in CHTF18 that were inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. CTF18, encoded by the CHTF18 gene, is a component of a secondary clamp loader, which is primarily thought to function by promoting DNA replication. We determined that the patient’s variants in CHTF18 (CTF18 R751W and E851Q) were damaging to function and severely attenuated the capacity of CTF18 to support hematopoiesis and lymphoid development, strongly suggesting that they were responsible for his T lymphopenia; however, the function of CTF18 appeared to be unrelated to its role as a clamp loader. DNA-damage, expected when replication is impaired, was not evident by expression profiling in murine Chtf18 mutant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), nor was development of Ctf18-deficient progenitors rescued by p53 loss. Instead, we observed an expression signature suggesting disruption of HSPC positioning and migration. Indeed, the positioning of HSPC in ctf18 morphant zebrafish embryos was perturbed, suggesting that HSPC function was impaired through disrupted positioning in hematopoietic organs.DiscussionAccordingly, we propose that T lymphopenia in our patient resulted from disturbed cell-cell contacts and migration of HSPC, caused by a non-canonical function of CHTF18 in regulating gene expression.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1539848/fullT lymphocytethymusimmunodeficiencyzebrafishCHTF18
spellingShingle Robert Sertori
Billy Truong
Manoj K. Singh
Susan Shinton
Rachael Price
Andrew Sharo
Paulameena Shultes
Uma Sunderam
Sadhna Rana
Rajgopal Srinivasan
Sutapa Datta
Joan Font-Burgada
Steven E. Brenner
Jennifer M. Puck
Jennifer M. Puck
David L. Wiest
Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopenia
Frontiers in Immunology
T lymphocyte
thymus
immunodeficiency
zebrafish
CHTF18
title Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopenia
title_full Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopenia
title_fullStr Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopenia
title_full_unstemmed Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopenia
title_short Disruption of the moonlighting function of CTF18 in a patient with T-lymphopenia
title_sort disruption of the moonlighting function of ctf18 in a patient with t lymphopenia
topic T lymphocyte
thymus
immunodeficiency
zebrafish
CHTF18
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1539848/full
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