Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken
Newcastle disease virus strains are velogenic, mesogenic, and lentogenic. This study aims to design a scoring system for lesions induced by different strains of Newcastle disease virus in chicken. Three experiments were conducted. In experiments 1 and 2, chickens were divided into infected and contr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9296520 |
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| author | Elawad A. Hussein M. Hair-Bejo Lawan Adamu A. R. Omar Siti S. Arshad Elmutaz A. Awad I. Aini |
| author_facet | Elawad A. Hussein M. Hair-Bejo Lawan Adamu A. R. Omar Siti S. Arshad Elmutaz A. Awad I. Aini |
| author_sort | Elawad A. Hussein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Newcastle disease virus strains are velogenic, mesogenic, and lentogenic. This study aims to design a scoring system for lesions induced by different strains of Newcastle disease virus in chicken. Three experiments were conducted. In experiments 1 and 2, chickens were divided into infected and control groups. Infected groups of experiments 1 and 2 consisted of 6 and 24 specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, respectively. Control groups in experiments 1 and 2 consisted of 6 and 15 SPF chickens, respectively. In infected groups, infection was induced by intranasal administration of 105 50% EID50/0.1 mL of velogenic Newcastle disease virus strain (vNDV). Infected chickens in experiment 1 were euthanised by cervical dislocation on days 3, 6, and 7 postinoculation (pi). Infected chickens in experiment 2 were euthanised at hours (hrs) 2, 4, 6, 12 and days 1, 2, 4, and 6 pi. Chickens of the control group in experiment 1 were euthanised on days 3 and 7 pi, whereas control group chickens in experiment 2 were euthanised on days 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 pi. Then in experiment 3, 15 SPF chickens were divided into three groups; in the first group, 5 SPF chickens were infected with vNDV, in the second group, 5 SPF chickens were infected with lentogenic NDV (lNDV) (103.0 EID50/0.1 mL), and the third group was kept without infection as a control group. Chickens were euthanised on day 5 pi. In all previous experiments, tissues of brain, trachea, lung, caecal tonsil, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, proventriculus, intestine, and thymus were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned. HS staining was applied. Tissues were examined under light microscope and changes were recorded. A scoring system was designed for lesions induced by different strains of NDV and, accordingly, lesions were scored. The scoring system was found helpful in the evaluation of disease severity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-da41d12f24dc48eb99c76dcb93e02862 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8113 2042-0048 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine International |
| spelling | doaj-art-da41d12f24dc48eb99c76dcb93e028622025-02-03T00:59:51ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine International2090-81132042-00482018-01-01201810.1155/2018/92965209296520Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in ChickenElawad A. Hussein0M. Hair-Bejo1Lawan Adamu2A. R. Omar3Siti S. Arshad4Elmutaz A. Awad5I. Aini6Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaInstitute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaInstitute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaNewcastle disease virus strains are velogenic, mesogenic, and lentogenic. This study aims to design a scoring system for lesions induced by different strains of Newcastle disease virus in chicken. Three experiments were conducted. In experiments 1 and 2, chickens were divided into infected and control groups. Infected groups of experiments 1 and 2 consisted of 6 and 24 specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, respectively. Control groups in experiments 1 and 2 consisted of 6 and 15 SPF chickens, respectively. In infected groups, infection was induced by intranasal administration of 105 50% EID50/0.1 mL of velogenic Newcastle disease virus strain (vNDV). Infected chickens in experiment 1 were euthanised by cervical dislocation on days 3, 6, and 7 postinoculation (pi). Infected chickens in experiment 2 were euthanised at hours (hrs) 2, 4, 6, 12 and days 1, 2, 4, and 6 pi. Chickens of the control group in experiment 1 were euthanised on days 3 and 7 pi, whereas control group chickens in experiment 2 were euthanised on days 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 pi. Then in experiment 3, 15 SPF chickens were divided into three groups; in the first group, 5 SPF chickens were infected with vNDV, in the second group, 5 SPF chickens were infected with lentogenic NDV (lNDV) (103.0 EID50/0.1 mL), and the third group was kept without infection as a control group. Chickens were euthanised on day 5 pi. In all previous experiments, tissues of brain, trachea, lung, caecal tonsil, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, proventriculus, intestine, and thymus were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned. HS staining was applied. Tissues were examined under light microscope and changes were recorded. A scoring system was designed for lesions induced by different strains of NDV and, accordingly, lesions were scored. The scoring system was found helpful in the evaluation of disease severity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9296520 |
| spellingShingle | Elawad A. Hussein M. Hair-Bejo Lawan Adamu A. R. Omar Siti S. Arshad Elmutaz A. Awad I. Aini Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken Veterinary Medicine International |
| title | Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken |
| title_full | Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken |
| title_fullStr | Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken |
| title_short | Scoring System for Lesions Induced by Different Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus in Chicken |
| title_sort | scoring system for lesions induced by different strains of newcastle disease virus in chicken |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9296520 |
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