Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red Giants

Red giants undergo dramatic and complex structural transformations as they evolve. Angular momentum is transported between the core and envelope during this epoch, a poorly understood process. Here, we infer envelope and core rotation rates from Kepler observations of ∼1517 red giants. While many me...

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Main Authors: Siddharth Dhanpal, Othman Benomar, Shravan Hanasoge, Jim Fuller
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade2d1
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author Siddharth Dhanpal
Othman Benomar
Shravan Hanasoge
Jim Fuller
author_facet Siddharth Dhanpal
Othman Benomar
Shravan Hanasoge
Jim Fuller
author_sort Siddharth Dhanpal
collection DOAJ
description Red giants undergo dramatic and complex structural transformations as they evolve. Angular momentum is transported between the core and envelope during this epoch, a poorly understood process. Here, we infer envelope and core rotation rates from Kepler observations of ∼1517 red giants. While many measurements are consistent with the existing studies, our investigation reveals systematic changes in the envelope-to-core rotation ratio and we report the discovery of anomalies such as clump stars with rapidly rotating cores and red giants with envelopes rotating faster than their cores. We propose binary interactions as a possible mechanism by which some of these cores and envelopes are spun up. These results pose challenges to current theoretical expectations and can have major implications for compact remnants born from stellar cores.
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spelling doaj-art-da4154565d9d420490847860930c604e2025-08-20T02:48:19ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01988222410.3847/1538-4357/ade2d1Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red GiantsSiddharth Dhanpal0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-3952Othman Benomar1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-5552Shravan Hanasoge2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2896-1471Jim Fuller3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-0750Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Mumbai, 400005, India; Scientific Computing Department , Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot, UKCenter for Space Science, NYUAD Institute, New York University Abu Dhabi , PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Division of Solar and Plasma Astrophysics , NAOJ, Mitaka, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Mumbai, 400005, India; Center for Space Science, NYUAD Institute, New York University Abu Dhabi , PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAETAPIR, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USARed giants undergo dramatic and complex structural transformations as they evolve. Angular momentum is transported between the core and envelope during this epoch, a poorly understood process. Here, we infer envelope and core rotation rates from Kepler observations of ∼1517 red giants. While many measurements are consistent with the existing studies, our investigation reveals systematic changes in the envelope-to-core rotation ratio and we report the discovery of anomalies such as clump stars with rapidly rotating cores and red giants with envelopes rotating faster than their cores. We propose binary interactions as a possible mechanism by which some of these cores and envelopes are spun up. These results pose challenges to current theoretical expectations and can have major implications for compact remnants born from stellar cores.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade2d1Red giant branchNeural networksAsteroseismologyStellar rotation
spellingShingle Siddharth Dhanpal
Othman Benomar
Shravan Hanasoge
Jim Fuller
Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red Giants
The Astrophysical Journal
Red giant branch
Neural networks
Asteroseismology
Stellar rotation
title Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red Giants
title_full Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red Giants
title_fullStr Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red Giants
title_full_unstemmed Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red Giants
title_short Anomalously Fast Core and Envelope Rotation in Red Giants
title_sort anomalously fast core and envelope rotation in red giants
topic Red giant branch
Neural networks
Asteroseismology
Stellar rotation
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade2d1
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