Incidence and outcoMes of MInor stroke and high-risk traNsient ischEmic attack in NordicTus. IMMINENT study

Background: Our primary aim was to investigate the incidence of non-cardioembolic minor acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA) and to identify predictors of stroke recurrence/death and severe bleeding. We also evaluated the rates of TIA, major vascular events, ther...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: M.E. Ramos-Araque, M. Castellanos, L. Naya Rios, E. López-Cancio, J. Molina Gil, J. Marta-Moreno, H. Tejada-Meza, M. Temprano Fernández, C. Antón González, D. Vidal de Francisco, J. Tejada-García, J.L. Maciñeiras Montero, P. Vicente Alba, J.M. García-Sánchez, B. Aguilera Irazabal, M. Martínez-Zabaleta, I.N. Diez, A. Pinedo Brochado, I. Azkune Calle, M.M. Freijo, A. Moreno-Estebanez, E. Palacio-Portilla, L. Manrique Arregui, M. Rodríguez-Yáñez, M. Santamaría-Cadavid, J.J. Timiraos-Fernández, Y. Herrero Infante, J. Trejo-Gabriel-Galán, A. Echavarria-Iñiguez, C. Tejero-Juste, J. Rodríguez Montolio, F. Julián-Villaverde, M. Moreno García, L. López-Mesonero, L. Redondo-Robles, N. Aymerich, J. Korroza, J.F. Arenillas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier España 2025-07-01
Series:Neurología (English Edition)
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2173580825000574
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background: Our primary aim was to investigate the incidence of non-cardioembolic minor acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA) and to identify predictors of stroke recurrence/death and severe bleeding. We also evaluated the rates of TIA, major vascular events, therapeutic management and predictors of poor functional outcome at 3 months in these patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from all stroke patients evaluated at the emergency department of 19 hospitals belonging to the NORDICTUS stroke network between July and December 2019. Consecutive patients with non-cardioembolic minor AIS (NIHSS ≤5) and high-risk TIA (ABCD2 ≥6 or ipsilateral stenosis ≥50%) were included. We recorded clinical, neuroimaging and therapeutic variables. Follow-up was performed at 30 and 90 days. Functional prognosis was assessed with the modified Rankin scale score (mRS). Results: Of 8275 patients, 1679 (20%) fulfilled IMMINENT criteria (1524 AIS/155 TIA), resulting in a global incidence of 48/100,000 inhabitants per-year. Recurrent stroke/death occurred in 73 (4.3%) patients. Extracranial ipsilateral stenosis (>50%): HR 1.999 (95% CI: 1.115–3.585, p = 0.020) and lack of hyperacute cerebral arterial assessment: HR 1.631 (95% CI: 1.009–2.636, p = 0.046) were associated with recurrent stroke/death at 90 days. Intracranial stenosis was associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.044). Reperfusion therapy was given to 147 (9%) and urgent double antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) to 320 (21%) patients. Conclusion: Twenty percent of our stroke patients presented as non-cardioembolic high-risk TIA or minor AIS. Extracranial ipsilateral stenosis and lack of hyperacute cerebral arterial assessment were predictors of stroke recurrence/death; intracranial stenosis was associated with poor outcome. Despite current recommendations there was a low penetrance of DAPT. Resumen: Introducción: Nuestro objetivo principal fue investigar la incidencia de ictus minor no cardioembólico y ataque isquémico transitorio (AIT) de alto riesgo, además de identificar predictores de recurrencia de ictus/muerte y sangrado grave. Evaluamos los porcentajes de AIT, eventos vasculares mayores, manejo terapéutico y predictores de mal pronóstico funcional. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes con ictus evaluados en urgencias de 19 hospitales de la RED NORDICTUS entre julio-diciembre de 2019. Se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos con ictus minor no cardioembólico (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] ≤ 5) y AIT de alto riesgo (ABCD2 ≥ 6 o estenosis ipsilateral ≥ 50%). Registramos variables clínicas, de neuroimagen y terapéuticas. Se realizó seguimiento a los 30 y 90 días. El pronóstico funcional se determinó mediante la escala de Rankin modificada (mRS). Resultados: De 8.275 pacientes, 1.679 (20%) cumplieron criterios del estudio IMMINENT (1.524 ictus/155 AIT), la incidencia global fue 48/100.000 h habitantes-año. Hubo recurrencias de ictus/muerte en 73 (4,3%) pacientes. La estenosis extracraneal ipsilateral (>50%): HR 1.999 (IC 95%: 1.115-3.585); p = 0,020 y la ausencia de estudio cerebrovascular hiperagudo: HR 1.631 (IC 95%: 1.009-2.636); p = 0.046, fueron predictores de ictus/muerte a 90 días. La estenosis intracraneal se asoció a mal pronóstico (p = 0,044). Se administró terapia de reperfusión a 147 (9%) y doble antiagregación a 320 (21%) pacientes. Conclusión: Un 20% de los pacientes se presentó como ictus minor o AIT de alto riesgo. La estenosis extracraneal ipsilateral y la ausencia de estudio neurovascular hiperagudo fueron predictores de ictus/muerte; la estenosis intracraneal se asoció con mal pronóstico. A pesar de las recomendaciones actuales hay baja penetrancia de doble antiagregación.
ISSN:2173-5808