COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune Indexes
Objective. This study explored the consistency and differences in the immune cells and cytokines between patients with COVID-19 or cancer. We further analyzed the correlations between the acute inflammation and cancer-related immune disorder. Methods. This retrospective study involved 167 COVID-19 p...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8669098 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850167316484980736 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiaojiao Zeng Xianghu Jiang Liu Yang Yunbao Pan Yirong Li |
| author_facet | Xiaojiao Zeng Xianghu Jiang Liu Yang Yunbao Pan Yirong Li |
| author_sort | Xiaojiao Zeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective. This study explored the consistency and differences in the immune cells and cytokines between patients with COVID-19 or cancer. We further analyzed the correlations between the acute inflammation and cancer-related immune disorder. Methods. This retrospective study involved 167 COVID-19 patients and 218 cancer patients. COVID-19 and cancer were each further divided into two subgroups. Quantitative and qualitative variables were measured by one-way ANOVA and chi-square test, respectively. Herein, we carried out a correlation analysis between immune cells and cytokines and used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to discover the optimal diagnostic index. Results. COVID-19 and cancers were associated with lymphopenia and high levels of monocytes, neutrophils, IL-6, and IL-10. IL-2 was the optimal indicator to differentiate the two diseases. Compared with respiratory cancer patients, COVID-19 patients had lower levels of IL-2 and higher levels of CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells. In the subgroup analysis, IL-6 was the optimal differential diagnostic parameter that had the ability to identify if COVID-19 patients would be severely affected, and severe COVID-19 patients had lower levels of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD3+CD8+T cells, and CD19+ B cells) and CD16+CD56+ NK cells and higher level of neutrophils. There were significant differences in the levels of CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells between T1-2 and T3-4 stages as well as IL-2 and CD19+ B cells between N0-1 and N2-3 stages while no significant differences between the metastatic and nonmetastatic cancer patients. Additionally, there were higher correlations between IL-2 and IL-4, TNF-α and IL-2, TNF-α and IL-4, TNF-α and IFN-γ, and CD16+CD56+NK cells and various subsets of T cells in COVID-19 patients. There was a higher correlation between CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells in cancer patients. Conclusion. Inflammation associated with COVID-19 or cancer had effects on patients’ outcomes. Accompanied by changes in immune cells and cytokines, there were consistencies, differences, and satisfactory correlations between patients with COVID-19 and those with cancers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-da256f5b710e4c36b3cc724b01abf92c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-da256f5b710e4c36b3cc724b01abf92c2025-08-20T02:21:13ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562021-01-01202110.1155/2021/86690988669098COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune IndexesXiaojiao Zeng0Xianghu Jiang1Liu Yang2Yunbao Pan3Yirong Li4Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, ChinaObjective. This study explored the consistency and differences in the immune cells and cytokines between patients with COVID-19 or cancer. We further analyzed the correlations between the acute inflammation and cancer-related immune disorder. Methods. This retrospective study involved 167 COVID-19 patients and 218 cancer patients. COVID-19 and cancer were each further divided into two subgroups. Quantitative and qualitative variables were measured by one-way ANOVA and chi-square test, respectively. Herein, we carried out a correlation analysis between immune cells and cytokines and used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to discover the optimal diagnostic index. Results. COVID-19 and cancers were associated with lymphopenia and high levels of monocytes, neutrophils, IL-6, and IL-10. IL-2 was the optimal indicator to differentiate the two diseases. Compared with respiratory cancer patients, COVID-19 patients had lower levels of IL-2 and higher levels of CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells. In the subgroup analysis, IL-6 was the optimal differential diagnostic parameter that had the ability to identify if COVID-19 patients would be severely affected, and severe COVID-19 patients had lower levels of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD3+CD8+T cells, and CD19+ B cells) and CD16+CD56+ NK cells and higher level of neutrophils. There were significant differences in the levels of CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells between T1-2 and T3-4 stages as well as IL-2 and CD19+ B cells between N0-1 and N2-3 stages while no significant differences between the metastatic and nonmetastatic cancer patients. Additionally, there were higher correlations between IL-2 and IL-4, TNF-α and IL-2, TNF-α and IL-4, TNF-α and IFN-γ, and CD16+CD56+NK cells and various subsets of T cells in COVID-19 patients. There was a higher correlation between CD3+CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells in cancer patients. Conclusion. Inflammation associated with COVID-19 or cancer had effects on patients’ outcomes. Accompanied by changes in immune cells and cytokines, there were consistencies, differences, and satisfactory correlations between patients with COVID-19 and those with cancers.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8669098 |
| spellingShingle | Xiaojiao Zeng Xianghu Jiang Liu Yang Yunbao Pan Yirong Li COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune Indexes Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune Indexes |
| title_full | COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune Indexes |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune Indexes |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune Indexes |
| title_short | COVID-19 and Cancer: Discovery of Difference in Clinical Immune Indexes |
| title_sort | covid 19 and cancer discovery of difference in clinical immune indexes |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8669098 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiaojiaozeng covid19andcancerdiscoveryofdifferenceinclinicalimmuneindexes AT xianghujiang covid19andcancerdiscoveryofdifferenceinclinicalimmuneindexes AT liuyang covid19andcancerdiscoveryofdifferenceinclinicalimmuneindexes AT yunbaopan covid19andcancerdiscoveryofdifferenceinclinicalimmuneindexes AT yirongli covid19andcancerdiscoveryofdifferenceinclinicalimmuneindexes |