Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia

Introduction: Lipoid pneumonia results from lipid deposition in the lungs, arising either exogenously or endogenously. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia occurs from aspiration or use of oil-based products such as mineral oil or nasal topicals. Beyond removing the offending agent, treatment options in adult...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gaurav A. Jategaonkar, John Fanous, Ryan Dunn, Karen Swanson, Michael B. Gotway, Jehad Azar, Henry D. Tazelaar, Ana C. Zamora, Ann M. Rusk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213007125001108
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849252110739177472
author Gaurav A. Jategaonkar
John Fanous
Ryan Dunn
Karen Swanson
Michael B. Gotway
Jehad Azar
Henry D. Tazelaar
Ana C. Zamora
Ann M. Rusk
author_facet Gaurav A. Jategaonkar
John Fanous
Ryan Dunn
Karen Swanson
Michael B. Gotway
Jehad Azar
Henry D. Tazelaar
Ana C. Zamora
Ann M. Rusk
author_sort Gaurav A. Jategaonkar
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Lipoid pneumonia results from lipid deposition in the lungs, arising either exogenously or endogenously. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia occurs from aspiration or use of oil-based products such as mineral oil or nasal topicals. Beyond removing the offending agent, treatment options in adults are limited. Corticosteroids may provide relief, but refractory cases necessitate alternative therapies. Whole lung lavage has shown promise in select pediatric and adult cases. We report a case of steroid-refractory exogenous lipoid pneumonia successfully treated with whole lung lavage. Case presentation: A 56-year-old non-smoker with coronary artery disease and recurrent pneumonia presented with 3 months of fever, weight loss, night sweats, and dyspnea following COVID-19 infection the previous year. Imaging revealed multifocal ground-glass opacities and pleural effusions, with negative infectious workup. Despite corticosteroid treatment, symptoms recurred, leading to multiple Emergency Department visits. Biopsy via bronchoscopy confirmed exogenous lipoid pneumonia, attributed to chronic mineral oil use for constipation. Despite cessation of mineral oil and prolonged steroid courses, his condition worsened. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed 59 % lipid-laden macrophages. A multidisciplinary team recommended whole lung lavage. The patient underwent the procedure on the left lung, was successfully extubated the following day, and discharged 4 days post-procedure. Discussion: Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is typically managed by stopping the offending agent and corticosteroids, but no standard treatment exists for steroid-refractory cases. Whole lung lavage offers a potential option for symptomatic and imaging improvement. This case underscores the emerging role of whole lung lavage in severe, steroid-resistant exogenous lipoid pneumonia.
format Article
id doaj-art-da1f29ef81eb418c9a733fcc3a01090b
institution Kabale University
issn 2213-0071
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
spelling doaj-art-da1f29ef81eb418c9a733fcc3a01090b2025-08-20T03:56:42ZengElsevierRespiratory Medicine Case Reports2213-00712025-01-015710227410.1016/j.rmcr.2025.102274Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumoniaGaurav A. Jategaonkar0John Fanous1Ryan Dunn2Karen Swanson3Michael B. Gotway4Jehad Azar5Henry D. Tazelaar6Ana C. Zamora7Ann M. Rusk8Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, United States; Corresponding author. Arizona Campus, IERB Building 5951 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, United States.Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesDivision of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesDepartment of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesDivision of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesDivision of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesDivision of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United States; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, United StatesIntroduction: Lipoid pneumonia results from lipid deposition in the lungs, arising either exogenously or endogenously. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia occurs from aspiration or use of oil-based products such as mineral oil or nasal topicals. Beyond removing the offending agent, treatment options in adults are limited. Corticosteroids may provide relief, but refractory cases necessitate alternative therapies. Whole lung lavage has shown promise in select pediatric and adult cases. We report a case of steroid-refractory exogenous lipoid pneumonia successfully treated with whole lung lavage. Case presentation: A 56-year-old non-smoker with coronary artery disease and recurrent pneumonia presented with 3 months of fever, weight loss, night sweats, and dyspnea following COVID-19 infection the previous year. Imaging revealed multifocal ground-glass opacities and pleural effusions, with negative infectious workup. Despite corticosteroid treatment, symptoms recurred, leading to multiple Emergency Department visits. Biopsy via bronchoscopy confirmed exogenous lipoid pneumonia, attributed to chronic mineral oil use for constipation. Despite cessation of mineral oil and prolonged steroid courses, his condition worsened. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed 59 % lipid-laden macrophages. A multidisciplinary team recommended whole lung lavage. The patient underwent the procedure on the left lung, was successfully extubated the following day, and discharged 4 days post-procedure. Discussion: Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is typically managed by stopping the offending agent and corticosteroids, but no standard treatment exists for steroid-refractory cases. Whole lung lavage offers a potential option for symptomatic and imaging improvement. This case underscores the emerging role of whole lung lavage in severe, steroid-resistant exogenous lipoid pneumonia.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213007125001108Lipoid pneumoniaExogenous lipoid pneumoniaWhole lung lavageTreatment exogenous lipoid pneumoniawhole lung lavage adultsSteroid resistant lipoid pneumonia
spellingShingle Gaurav A. Jategaonkar
John Fanous
Ryan Dunn
Karen Swanson
Michael B. Gotway
Jehad Azar
Henry D. Tazelaar
Ana C. Zamora
Ann M. Rusk
Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
Lipoid pneumonia
Exogenous lipoid pneumonia
Whole lung lavage
Treatment exogenous lipoid pneumonia
whole lung lavage adults
Steroid resistant lipoid pneumonia
title Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia
title_full Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia
title_fullStr Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia
title_full_unstemmed Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia
title_short Whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia
title_sort whole lung lavage in the setting of exogenous lipoid pneumonia
topic Lipoid pneumonia
Exogenous lipoid pneumonia
Whole lung lavage
Treatment exogenous lipoid pneumonia
whole lung lavage adults
Steroid resistant lipoid pneumonia
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213007125001108
work_keys_str_mv AT gauravajategaonkar wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT johnfanous wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT ryandunn wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT karenswanson wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT michaelbgotway wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT jehadazar wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT henrydtazelaar wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT anaczamora wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia
AT annmrusk wholelunglavageinthesettingofexogenouslipoidpneumonia