Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of Gossypol
Cottonseed meal is widely used as an alternative source of protein in the animal feed industry. However, the presence of toxic gossypol limits its use in livestock production. In order to reduce gossypol toxicity, microbial degradation is generally considered to be an environmentally friendly and co...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325003100 |
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| author | Li Zhang Xiaolong Yang Rongzheng Huang Shanshan Nan Junli Niu Cunxi Nie Cheng Chen Wenju Zhang |
| author_facet | Li Zhang Xiaolong Yang Rongzheng Huang Shanshan Nan Junli Niu Cunxi Nie Cheng Chen Wenju Zhang |
| author_sort | Li Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cottonseed meal is widely used as an alternative source of protein in the animal feed industry. However, the presence of toxic gossypol limits its use in livestock production. In order to reduce gossypol toxicity, microbial degradation is generally considered to be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective strategy. Candida tropicalis ZD-3 has demonstrated the ability to degrade gossypol. Nevertheless, the genome of gossypol-induced C. tropicalis ZD-3 has not been fully sequenced, and its comprehensive metabolic profile remains unexplored. In this study, the degradation rate of gossypol by ZD-3 reached 88.5 %, as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The characteristic peaks of amides were changed after gossypol treatment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Genomic correlation results showed that gene function annotation revealed 64 protein-coding genes potentially involved in gossypol catabolism, primarily encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase, aldehyde reductase, and glutathione peroxidase. Metabolomic analysis indicated that gossypol activated ABC transporters and amino acid synthesis pathways, such as histidine, lysine, and arginine biosynthesis. These pathways provided substantial energy for C. tropicalis ZD-3 cells to cope with external stress, promoted the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and formed a complex regulatory network for gossypol tolerance and degradation. This study marks the first revelation of gossypol metabolism in C. tropicalis, laying a foundation for further research on gossypol degradation and detoxification. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d9fe517e606040eeba5879bfaee34918 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj-art-d9fe517e606040eeba5879bfaee349182025-08-20T02:06:19ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132025-03-0129211797410.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117974Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of GossypolLi Zhang0Xiaolong Yang1Rongzheng Huang2Shanshan Nan3Junli Niu4Cunxi Nie5Cheng Chen6Wenju Zhang7College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCorrespondence authors.; College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCorrespondence authors.; College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, ChinaCottonseed meal is widely used as an alternative source of protein in the animal feed industry. However, the presence of toxic gossypol limits its use in livestock production. In order to reduce gossypol toxicity, microbial degradation is generally considered to be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective strategy. Candida tropicalis ZD-3 has demonstrated the ability to degrade gossypol. Nevertheless, the genome of gossypol-induced C. tropicalis ZD-3 has not been fully sequenced, and its comprehensive metabolic profile remains unexplored. In this study, the degradation rate of gossypol by ZD-3 reached 88.5 %, as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The characteristic peaks of amides were changed after gossypol treatment by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Genomic correlation results showed that gene function annotation revealed 64 protein-coding genes potentially involved in gossypol catabolism, primarily encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase, aldehyde reductase, and glutathione peroxidase. Metabolomic analysis indicated that gossypol activated ABC transporters and amino acid synthesis pathways, such as histidine, lysine, and arginine biosynthesis. These pathways provided substantial energy for C. tropicalis ZD-3 cells to cope with external stress, promoted the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and formed a complex regulatory network for gossypol tolerance and degradation. This study marks the first revelation of gossypol metabolism in C. tropicalis, laying a foundation for further research on gossypol degradation and detoxification.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325003100Candida tropicalis ZD-3Complete genome sequencingGossypol degradationMetabolomicsDetoxication |
| spellingShingle | Li Zhang Xiaolong Yang Rongzheng Huang Shanshan Nan Junli Niu Cunxi Nie Cheng Chen Wenju Zhang Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of Gossypol Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Candida tropicalis ZD-3 Complete genome sequencing Gossypol degradation Metabolomics Detoxication |
| title | Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of Gossypol |
| title_full | Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of Gossypol |
| title_fullStr | Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of Gossypol |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of Gossypol |
| title_short | Genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of Candida tropicalis ZD-3 on the degradation of Gossypol |
| title_sort | genomics and metabolic responses reveal the effect of candida tropicalis zd 3 on the degradation of gossypol |
| topic | Candida tropicalis ZD-3 Complete genome sequencing Gossypol degradation Metabolomics Detoxication |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325003100 |
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