Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national database

Abstract Hematologic malignancies are a global public health concern, with high mortality rates in patients requiring critical care. The role of chemotherapy during intensive care unit (ICU) admission in this context remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze trends in survival rates based on chem...

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Main Authors: Yudai Iwasaki, Kunio Tarasawa, Tadashi Kamio, Yu Kaiho, Saori Ikumi, Shizuha Yabuki, Kiyohide Fushimi, Kenji Fujimori, Masanori Yamauchi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00520-6
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author Yudai Iwasaki
Kunio Tarasawa
Tadashi Kamio
Yu Kaiho
Saori Ikumi
Shizuha Yabuki
Kiyohide Fushimi
Kenji Fujimori
Masanori Yamauchi
author_facet Yudai Iwasaki
Kunio Tarasawa
Tadashi Kamio
Yu Kaiho
Saori Ikumi
Shizuha Yabuki
Kiyohide Fushimi
Kenji Fujimori
Masanori Yamauchi
author_sort Yudai Iwasaki
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Hematologic malignancies are a global public health concern, with high mortality rates in patients requiring critical care. The role of chemotherapy during intensive care unit (ICU) admission in this context remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze trends in survival rates based on chemotherapy timing and examine patient characteristics, ICU treatments, and clinical outcomes in each group. Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database, data from 21,837 patients aged ≥ 18 years who were hospitalized for hematologic malignancies and admitted to ICUs between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2022, were analyzed. Patients were categorized based on chemotherapy timing as follows: no chemotherapy (NC), chemotherapy before ICU admission (CB), chemotherapy during ICU admission (CD), and chemotherapy after ICU discharge (CA). Mortality trends were assessed, with in-hospital mortality as the primary outcome variable. The CB group had the highest mortality rate, which decreased over time (61.2% in 2012 to 46.2% in 2021). The CD group had stable mortality rates (24.2% in 2012 and 22.6% in 2021), with a notable proportion of patients (55.4%) discharged home. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into the factors influencing ICU outcomes in patients receiving chemotherapy.
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spelling doaj-art-d9d48e6f2526416ba7958a00ab8a8be22025-08-20T02:32:03ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-00520-6Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national databaseYudai Iwasaki0Kunio Tarasawa1Tadashi Kamio2Yu Kaiho3Saori Ikumi4Shizuha Yabuki5Kiyohide Fushimi6Kenji Fujimori7Masanori Yamauchi8Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Health Administration and Policy, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical CenterDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoDepartment of Health Administration and Policy, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineAbstract Hematologic malignancies are a global public health concern, with high mortality rates in patients requiring critical care. The role of chemotherapy during intensive care unit (ICU) admission in this context remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze trends in survival rates based on chemotherapy timing and examine patient characteristics, ICU treatments, and clinical outcomes in each group. Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database, data from 21,837 patients aged ≥ 18 years who were hospitalized for hematologic malignancies and admitted to ICUs between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2022, were analyzed. Patients were categorized based on chemotherapy timing as follows: no chemotherapy (NC), chemotherapy before ICU admission (CB), chemotherapy during ICU admission (CD), and chemotherapy after ICU discharge (CA). Mortality trends were assessed, with in-hospital mortality as the primary outcome variable. The CB group had the highest mortality rate, which decreased over time (61.2% in 2012 to 46.2% in 2021). The CD group had stable mortality rates (24.2% in 2012 and 22.6% in 2021), with a notable proportion of patients (55.4%) discharged home. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into the factors influencing ICU outcomes in patients receiving chemotherapy.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00520-6ChemotherapyHematologic malignancyIntensive care unitMortality
spellingShingle Yudai Iwasaki
Kunio Tarasawa
Tadashi Kamio
Yu Kaiho
Saori Ikumi
Shizuha Yabuki
Kiyohide Fushimi
Kenji Fujimori
Masanori Yamauchi
Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national database
Scientific Reports
Chemotherapy
Hematologic malignancy
Intensive care unit
Mortality
title Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national database
title_full Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national database
title_fullStr Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national database
title_full_unstemmed Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national database
title_short Trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a Japanese national database
title_sort trends and outcomes of chemotherapy timing in critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies using a japanese national database
topic Chemotherapy
Hematologic malignancy
Intensive care unit
Mortality
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00520-6
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