GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India
To develop a specific watershed scenario, the quantity and quality of groundwater resources must be assessed and monitored locally. In the present study, an attempt has been made to identify possible groundwater potential zones, determine the quality of groundwater resources in this region, and eval...
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Elsevier
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Kuwait Journal of Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2307410824000683 |
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| author | Francis V. Krishnaraj S. Kumar S. |
| author_facet | Francis V. Krishnaraj S. Kumar S. |
| author_sort | Francis V. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To develop a specific watershed scenario, the quantity and quality of groundwater resources must be assessed and monitored locally. In the present study, an attempt has been made to identify possible groundwater potential zones, determine the quality of groundwater resources in this region, and evaluate their suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. This goal has been achieved with the combined use of the weighted index overlay analysis (WIOA), groundwater quality index (GWQI), Remote Sensing (RS), and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The proposed study area, Shanmuganadhi, is marked with superior rainfall, oscillating temperature, and runoff with litho-units encompassing charnockite (CHK) and hornblende biotite gneiss (HBG). Over-abstraction of groundwater and intensive agricultural practices have resulted in declining and degrading water quantity and quality in this area. The resulting integrated thematic map has been classified into five groundwater potential zones, namely poor, low, moderate, high, and very high, covering 3.2, 45.49, 15.3, 27.9, and 8.1% area, respectively. Sixty groundwater samples were collected during the pre-monsoon (PRM) and analyzed for major Physico-chemical parameters. From the water quality index assessment, over 28.0% of the samples fall within the “excellent,” 8.0% “good” and 4.0% “poor” in CHK, followed by 5.71% “excellent,” 48.57% “good,” 37.14% “poor,” 5.71% “very poor” and 2.87% “unsuitable” for drinking purposes in HBG terrain of this region. Irrigation indices also demonstrated that most of the groundwater samples in the CHK and HBG exposed zones exhibited good classes for irrigation purposes, as evidenced by the SAR and %Na+. The outcome, which shows the research area's groundwater potential zones, is beneficial for improved groundwater resource planning and management. It is concluded that for larger-scale groundwater-quality investigation and assessment, the groundwater quality index-making approach (GWQI) is more practical and dependable. Water planners and decision-makers may find it helpful in effectively controlling and monitoring groundwater quality at the basin or watershed scale. Reducing urban land use and natural runoff from farms can help prevent water contamination in some regions. To ensure the safe use of groundwater, long-term monitoring of these groundwater was suggested. © 2024 The Authors |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d9bfa32c4e0849c6addb3b287a0f3385 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2307-4108 2307-4116 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Kuwait Journal of Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-d9bfa32c4e0849c6addb3b287a0f33852025-08-20T03:30:48ZengElsevierKuwait Journal of Science2307-41082307-41162024-07-0151310024310.1016/j.kjs.2024.100243GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south IndiaFrancis V.Krishnaraj S.Kumar S.To develop a specific watershed scenario, the quantity and quality of groundwater resources must be assessed and monitored locally. In the present study, an attempt has been made to identify possible groundwater potential zones, determine the quality of groundwater resources in this region, and evaluate their suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. This goal has been achieved with the combined use of the weighted index overlay analysis (WIOA), groundwater quality index (GWQI), Remote Sensing (RS), and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The proposed study area, Shanmuganadhi, is marked with superior rainfall, oscillating temperature, and runoff with litho-units encompassing charnockite (CHK) and hornblende biotite gneiss (HBG). Over-abstraction of groundwater and intensive agricultural practices have resulted in declining and degrading water quantity and quality in this area. The resulting integrated thematic map has been classified into five groundwater potential zones, namely poor, low, moderate, high, and very high, covering 3.2, 45.49, 15.3, 27.9, and 8.1% area, respectively. Sixty groundwater samples were collected during the pre-monsoon (PRM) and analyzed for major Physico-chemical parameters. From the water quality index assessment, over 28.0% of the samples fall within the “excellent,” 8.0% “good” and 4.0% “poor” in CHK, followed by 5.71% “excellent,” 48.57% “good,” 37.14% “poor,” 5.71% “very poor” and 2.87% “unsuitable” for drinking purposes in HBG terrain of this region. Irrigation indices also demonstrated that most of the groundwater samples in the CHK and HBG exposed zones exhibited good classes for irrigation purposes, as evidenced by the SAR and %Na+. The outcome, which shows the research area's groundwater potential zones, is beneficial for improved groundwater resource planning and management. It is concluded that for larger-scale groundwater-quality investigation and assessment, the groundwater quality index-making approach (GWQI) is more practical and dependable. Water planners and decision-makers may find it helpful in effectively controlling and monitoring groundwater quality at the basin or watershed scale. Reducing urban land use and natural runoff from farms can help prevent water contamination in some regions. To ensure the safe use of groundwater, long-term monitoring of these groundwater was suggested. © 2024 The Authorshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2307410824000683groundwaterpotential zonesqualityrs and gisshanmuganadhitechniques |
| spellingShingle | Francis V. Krishnaraj S. Kumar S. GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India Kuwait Journal of Science groundwater potential zones quality rs and gis shanmuganadhi techniques |
| title | GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India |
| title_full | GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India |
| title_fullStr | GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India |
| title_full_unstemmed | GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India |
| title_short | GIS-based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shanmughanadhi river basin, south India |
| title_sort | gis based groundwater potential zonation and assessment of groundwater quality and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the shanmughanadhi river basin south india |
| topic | groundwater potential zones quality rs and gis shanmuganadhi techniques |
| url | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2307410824000683 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT francisv gisbasedgroundwaterpotentialzonationandassessmentofgroundwaterqualityandsuitabilityfordrinkingandirrigationpurposesintheshanmughanadhiriverbasinsouthindia AT krishnarajs gisbasedgroundwaterpotentialzonationandassessmentofgroundwaterqualityandsuitabilityfordrinkingandirrigationpurposesintheshanmughanadhiriverbasinsouthindia AT kumars gisbasedgroundwaterpotentialzonationandassessmentofgroundwaterqualityandsuitabilityfordrinkingandirrigationpurposesintheshanmughanadhiriverbasinsouthindia |