Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Preliminary screening methods for detection of urine-based drugs of abuse are typically selected based on their ease of automation, cost effectiveness, and ability to deliver rapid results. As such, immunoassay-based testing approaches are commonly employed in routine drug screening workflows; howev...
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Green Analytical Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577425000503 |
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| author | Jenna Covey Alex Maggitti William Fatigante Francois Espourteille Holly Lombardo Terry Bates |
| author_facet | Jenna Covey Alex Maggitti William Fatigante Francois Espourteille Holly Lombardo Terry Bates |
| author_sort | Jenna Covey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Preliminary screening methods for detection of urine-based drugs of abuse are typically selected based on their ease of automation, cost effectiveness, and ability to deliver rapid results. As such, immunoassay-based testing approaches are commonly employed in routine drug screening workflows; however, these methods suffer from significant drawbacks, including cross-reactivity issues that can lead to false positives and false negatives, affecting the accuracy and reliability of results. The lack of selectivity inherent to IAs necessitates subsequent costly and time-consuming chromatography-based confirmatory testing. In this work, we report on the development of a fast, chromatography-free Direct Analysis in Real Time-tandem mass spectrometry-based (DART-MS/MS) screening approach for 15 synthetic cannabinoids and associated metabolites in urine. The proposed DART-MS/MS screening method effectively measured 15 targeted synthetic cannabinoids in 96 samples with a throughput of 23 s per sample, low limits of detection (< 1 ng/mL), high inter- and intra-day precision (≤ 20 % RSD), and high accuracy (≤ ± 20 % bias). These performance metrics fall within the acceptable ranges for urine screening analyses as set forth by American National Standards Institute/Academy Standards Board (ANSI/ASB) guidelines and demonstrate performance comparable to LC-MS/MS confirmatory methods. Validation experiments with authentic urine samples confirmed positive for one or more target analytes indicated good correlation for quantitation of synthetic cannabinoids as measured by DART-MS/MS versus liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d9a9be5f36df4e158855debbe56b9595 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2772-5774 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Green Analytical Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-d9a9be5f36df4e158855debbe56b95952025-08-20T02:10:52ZengElsevierGreen Analytical Chemistry2772-57742025-06-011310025410.1016/j.greeac.2025.100254Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometryJenna Covey0Alex Maggitti1William Fatigante2Francois Espourteille3Holly Lombardo4Terry Bates5Bruker Scientific, Billerica, MA 01821, USADrugScan, Horsham, PA 19044, USABruker Scientific, Billerica, MA 01821, USABruker Scientific, Billerica, MA 01821, USABruker Scientific, Billerica, MA 01821, USABruker Scientific, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; Corresponding author.Preliminary screening methods for detection of urine-based drugs of abuse are typically selected based on their ease of automation, cost effectiveness, and ability to deliver rapid results. As such, immunoassay-based testing approaches are commonly employed in routine drug screening workflows; however, these methods suffer from significant drawbacks, including cross-reactivity issues that can lead to false positives and false negatives, affecting the accuracy and reliability of results. The lack of selectivity inherent to IAs necessitates subsequent costly and time-consuming chromatography-based confirmatory testing. In this work, we report on the development of a fast, chromatography-free Direct Analysis in Real Time-tandem mass spectrometry-based (DART-MS/MS) screening approach for 15 synthetic cannabinoids and associated metabolites in urine. The proposed DART-MS/MS screening method effectively measured 15 targeted synthetic cannabinoids in 96 samples with a throughput of 23 s per sample, low limits of detection (< 1 ng/mL), high inter- and intra-day precision (≤ 20 % RSD), and high accuracy (≤ ± 20 % bias). These performance metrics fall within the acceptable ranges for urine screening analyses as set forth by American National Standards Institute/Academy Standards Board (ANSI/ASB) guidelines and demonstrate performance comparable to LC-MS/MS confirmatory methods. Validation experiments with authentic urine samples confirmed positive for one or more target analytes indicated good correlation for quantitation of synthetic cannabinoids as measured by DART-MS/MS versus liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577425000503DART-MSAmbient ionizationForensics and toxicologySynthetic cannabinoidsLC-MSScreening |
| spellingShingle | Jenna Covey Alex Maggitti William Fatigante Francois Espourteille Holly Lombardo Terry Bates Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry Green Analytical Chemistry DART-MS Ambient ionization Forensics and toxicology Synthetic cannabinoids LC-MS Screening |
| title | Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_full | Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_short | Rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry: Screening method validation and cross-correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_sort | rapid quantitative screening of 15 synthetic cannabinoids in urine using direct analysis in real time tandem mass spectrometry screening method validation and cross correlation study with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| topic | DART-MS Ambient ionization Forensics and toxicology Synthetic cannabinoids LC-MS Screening |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772577425000503 |
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