Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis
Abstract Anticoagulants were suggested to influence cancer survival by possible immunomodulatory effect. However, it remained unclear if concomitant use of anticoagulants and various types of them could influence the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients. Accordingly, th...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16236-6 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849226385928749056 |
|---|---|
| author | Jin Xiong Hongmei Jian Zhenzhou Yang Lei Xia |
| author_facet | Jin Xiong Hongmei Jian Zhenzhou Yang Lei Xia |
| author_sort | Jin Xiong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Anticoagulants were suggested to influence cancer survival by possible immunomodulatory effect. However, it remained unclear if concomitant use of anticoagulants and various types of them could influence the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients. Accordingly, the meta-analysis was performed to systematically evaluate the effect of concomitant anticoagulants in cancer patients receiving ICIs. Relevant studies were obtained by literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A conservative random-effect model was used to combine the results. A total of 2686 patients were enrolled, including all the patients analyzed for overall survival (OS) and 2457 patients for progression-free survival (PFS). The publication types of these 5 studies were retrospective studies. We found that concomitant use of anticoagulants significantly impaired the PFS (hazard ratio (HR): 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–1.51, p = 0.002) and OS (HR:1.26, 95% CI:1.07–1.47, p = 0.004) of cancer patients receiving ICIs. Subgroup analyses showed that there was worse OS in heparin product subgroup (HR, 2.90; 95%CI: 1.71–4.92, p < 0.001). Our findings suggested that concomitant use of anticoagulants seemed to significantly impair the survival of cancer patients treated with ICIs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d9664dc656c447c79bda0f1ab9e40672 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-d9664dc656c447c79bda0f1ab9e406722025-08-24T11:23:55ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-011511910.1038/s41598-025-16236-6Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysisJin Xiong0Hongmei Jian1Zhenzhou Yang2Lei Xia3Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityAbstract Anticoagulants were suggested to influence cancer survival by possible immunomodulatory effect. However, it remained unclear if concomitant use of anticoagulants and various types of them could influence the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients. Accordingly, the meta-analysis was performed to systematically evaluate the effect of concomitant anticoagulants in cancer patients receiving ICIs. Relevant studies were obtained by literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A conservative random-effect model was used to combine the results. A total of 2686 patients were enrolled, including all the patients analyzed for overall survival (OS) and 2457 patients for progression-free survival (PFS). The publication types of these 5 studies were retrospective studies. We found that concomitant use of anticoagulants significantly impaired the PFS (hazard ratio (HR): 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–1.51, p = 0.002) and OS (HR:1.26, 95% CI:1.07–1.47, p = 0.004) of cancer patients receiving ICIs. Subgroup analyses showed that there was worse OS in heparin product subgroup (HR, 2.90; 95%CI: 1.71–4.92, p < 0.001). Our findings suggested that concomitant use of anticoagulants seemed to significantly impair the survival of cancer patients treated with ICIs.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16236-6AnticoagulantsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsHeparinFactor xaMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jin Xiong Hongmei Jian Zhenzhou Yang Lei Xia Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis Scientific Reports Anticoagulants Immune checkpoint inhibitors Heparin Factor xa Meta-analysis |
| title | Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis |
| title_full | Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis |
| title_short | Concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis |
| title_sort | concomitant anticoagulants and the survival of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors a meta analysis |
| topic | Anticoagulants Immune checkpoint inhibitors Heparin Factor xa Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16236-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jinxiong concomitantanticoagulantsandthesurvivalofcancerpatientstreatedwithimmunecheckpointinhibitorsametaanalysis AT hongmeijian concomitantanticoagulantsandthesurvivalofcancerpatientstreatedwithimmunecheckpointinhibitorsametaanalysis AT zhenzhouyang concomitantanticoagulantsandthesurvivalofcancerpatientstreatedwithimmunecheckpointinhibitorsametaanalysis AT leixia concomitantanticoagulantsandthesurvivalofcancerpatientstreatedwithimmunecheckpointinhibitorsametaanalysis |