Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review
(1) Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major public health challenge worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the predominant form. Despite advances in treatment, OSCC remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Oral |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6373/4/3/24 |
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| author | Fariba Esperouz Domenico Ciavarella Andrea Santarelli Mauro Lorusso Lorenzo Lo Muzio Luigi Laino Lucio Lo Russo |
| author_facet | Fariba Esperouz Domenico Ciavarella Andrea Santarelli Mauro Lorusso Lorenzo Lo Muzio Luigi Laino Lucio Lo Russo |
| author_sort | Fariba Esperouz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major public health challenge worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the predominant form. Despite advances in treatment, OSCC remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy. This study reviews omics technologies to assess new salivary biomarkers for the early detection of OSCC. (2) Methods: A comprehensive literature search in the last 20 years identified four relevant studies focusing on salivary biomarkers in OSCC. (3) Results: Proteomic and genomic analyses revealed significant changes in salivary composition between OSCC patients and healthy controls, suggesting promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, studies showed varying degrees of bias, indicating the need for further research and improved standardization. (4) Conclusions: Saliva, with its advantages of ease of collection, minimal invasiveness, and potential for large-scale screening, is an emerging promising substrate for non-invasive biomarker research. Nonetheless, there is a need for improved biomarker sensitivity and specificity; currently, histological examination remains the golden standard. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d963707dbb694419a0ffc52cab7021c4 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2673-6373 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oral |
| spelling | doaj-art-d963707dbb694419a0ffc52cab7021c42025-08-20T01:55:45ZengMDPI AGOral2673-63732024-07-014329330210.3390/oral4030024Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic ReviewFariba Esperouz0Domenico Ciavarella1Andrea Santarelli2Mauro Lorusso3Lorenzo Lo Muzio4Luigi Laino5Lucio Lo Russo6Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinic Specialistic and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60122 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyMultidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy(1) Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major public health challenge worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being the predominant form. Despite advances in treatment, OSCC remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic efficacy. This study reviews omics technologies to assess new salivary biomarkers for the early detection of OSCC. (2) Methods: A comprehensive literature search in the last 20 years identified four relevant studies focusing on salivary biomarkers in OSCC. (3) Results: Proteomic and genomic analyses revealed significant changes in salivary composition between OSCC patients and healthy controls, suggesting promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, studies showed varying degrees of bias, indicating the need for further research and improved standardization. (4) Conclusions: Saliva, with its advantages of ease of collection, minimal invasiveness, and potential for large-scale screening, is an emerging promising substrate for non-invasive biomarker research. Nonetheless, there is a need for improved biomarker sensitivity and specificity; currently, histological examination remains the golden standard.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6373/4/3/24salivabiomarkersOSCCproteomicsgenomicsliquid biopsy |
| spellingShingle | Fariba Esperouz Domenico Ciavarella Andrea Santarelli Mauro Lorusso Lorenzo Lo Muzio Luigi Laino Lucio Lo Russo Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review Oral saliva biomarkers OSCC proteomics genomics liquid biopsy |
| title | Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Saliva-Based Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using OMICS Technologies: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | saliva based biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma using omics technologies a systematic review |
| topic | saliva biomarkers OSCC proteomics genomics liquid biopsy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6373/4/3/24 |
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