Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial Integration
Background/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating joint disorder characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and inflammation, for which traditional treatments offer only symptomatic relief without halting disease progression. Exosomes, cell-free vesicles derived from...
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2024-10-01
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| author | Chung-Hua Chu Ru-Ping Lee Wen-Tien Wu Ing-Ho Chen Kuang-Ting Yeh Chen-Chie Wang |
| author_facet | Chung-Hua Chu Ru-Ping Lee Wen-Tien Wu Ing-Ho Chen Kuang-Ting Yeh Chen-Chie Wang |
| author_sort | Chung-Hua Chu |
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| description | Background/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating joint disorder characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and inflammation, for which traditional treatments offer only symptomatic relief without halting disease progression. Exosomes, cell-free vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells, have emerged as a promising alternative therapy owing to their regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties. Methods: This review synthesizes findings from recent studies (2017–2023) on the therapeutic potential of exosomes in OA treatment, highlighting their ability to modulate the joint microenvironment, reduce inflammation, and promote cartilage repair by delivering bioactive molecules such as cytokines, growth factors, and regulatory ribonucleic acids. Results: We explore the integration of exosomes with biomaterials, such as hydrogels and scaffolds, to enhance their delivery and therapeutic efficacy, and we address the critical challenges associated with their clinical application, including standardization of isolation and characterization methods, scalability of production, mechanistic understanding, and long-term safety. Despite these challenges, exosome-based therapies offer several advantages over traditional and cell-based treatments, including lower immunogenicity, ease of handling, and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to damaged tissues. Conclusions: We provide an analytical perspective on the current state of exosome research in OA, emphasizing the need for standardized production methods, deeper mechanistic insights, and rigorous long-term safety assessments. Future directions should focus on optimizing delivery systems, exploring personalized medicine approaches, and conducting comparative effectiveness studies to fully realize the potential of exosome therapies for OA treatment. Addressing these gaps will be crucial for translating exosome therapies from bench to bedside and achieving a transformative impact on OA management. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d959f6d34b4740af95950b04697ca5ba |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-d959f6d34b4740af95950b04697ca5ba2025-08-20T02:28:07ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-10-011211247810.3390/biomedicines12112478Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial IntegrationChung-Hua Chu0Ru-Ping Lee1Wen-Tien Wu2Ing-Ho Chen3Kuang-Ting Yeh4Chen-Chie Wang5Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231016, TaiwanInstitute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, TaiwanInstitute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970473, TaiwanInstitute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, TaiwanDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231016, TaiwanBackground/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating joint disorder characterized by progressive cartilage degradation and inflammation, for which traditional treatments offer only symptomatic relief without halting disease progression. Exosomes, cell-free vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells, have emerged as a promising alternative therapy owing to their regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties. Methods: This review synthesizes findings from recent studies (2017–2023) on the therapeutic potential of exosomes in OA treatment, highlighting their ability to modulate the joint microenvironment, reduce inflammation, and promote cartilage repair by delivering bioactive molecules such as cytokines, growth factors, and regulatory ribonucleic acids. Results: We explore the integration of exosomes with biomaterials, such as hydrogels and scaffolds, to enhance their delivery and therapeutic efficacy, and we address the critical challenges associated with their clinical application, including standardization of isolation and characterization methods, scalability of production, mechanistic understanding, and long-term safety. Despite these challenges, exosome-based therapies offer several advantages over traditional and cell-based treatments, including lower immunogenicity, ease of handling, and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to damaged tissues. Conclusions: We provide an analytical perspective on the current state of exosome research in OA, emphasizing the need for standardized production methods, deeper mechanistic insights, and rigorous long-term safety assessments. Future directions should focus on optimizing delivery systems, exploring personalized medicine approaches, and conducting comparative effectiveness studies to fully realize the potential of exosome therapies for OA treatment. Addressing these gaps will be crucial for translating exosome therapies from bench to bedside and achieving a transformative impact on OA management.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/11/2478exosomesosteoarthritismesenchymal stem cellsbiomaterialscartilage regeneration |
| spellingShingle | Chung-Hua Chu Ru-Ping Lee Wen-Tien Wu Ing-Ho Chen Kuang-Ting Yeh Chen-Chie Wang Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial Integration Biomedicines exosomes osteoarthritis mesenchymal stem cells biomaterials cartilage regeneration |
| title | Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial Integration |
| title_full | Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial Integration |
| title_fullStr | Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial Integration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial Integration |
| title_short | Advancing Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Biomaterial Integration |
| title_sort | advancing osteoarthritis treatment the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes and biomaterial integration |
| topic | exosomes osteoarthritis mesenchymal stem cells biomaterials cartilage regeneration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/11/2478 |
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