Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub>
The refractive index change obtained after annealed proton exchange (APE) in lithium niobate (LiNbO<sub>3</sub>) crystals depends on both the proton exchange process carried out in hot acid and the structure of the crystals. In devices produced by the APE method, dislocations and lattice...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Photonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/11/11/1057 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850147275961008128 |
|---|---|
| author | Ercan Karagöz Fatma Yasemin Aşık Mutlu Gökkavas Erkut Emin Akbaş Aylin Yertutanol Ekmel Özbay Şadan Özcan |
| author_facet | Ercan Karagöz Fatma Yasemin Aşık Mutlu Gökkavas Erkut Emin Akbaş Aylin Yertutanol Ekmel Özbay Şadan Özcan |
| author_sort | Ercan Karagöz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The refractive index change obtained after annealed proton exchange (APE) in lithium niobate (LiNbO<sub>3</sub>) crystals depends on both the proton exchange process carried out in hot acid and the structure of the crystals. In devices produced by the APE method, dislocations and lattice defects within the crystal structure are considered to be primary contributors to refractive index discontinuities and waveguide instability. In this study, the effects of pre-annealing LiNbO<sub>3</sub> crystals at 500 °C on multifunctional integrated optical chips (MIOCs) were investigated through interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope (IFOG) system-level tests. It was observed that the pre-annealing process resulted in an improvement in the optical throughput of MIOCs (from %34 to %51) and the temperature-dependent bias drift stability of the IFOG (from 0.031–0.038°/h to 0.012–0.019°/h). The angle random walk (ARW) was measured as 0.0056 deg/√h. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d9466decf5094cb3b335b78166f59d5f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-d9466decf5094cb3b335b78166f59d5f2025-08-20T02:27:35ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322024-11-011111105710.3390/photonics11111057Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub>Ercan Karagöz0Fatma Yasemin Aşık1Mutlu Gökkavas2Erkut Emin Akbaş3Aylin Yertutanol4Ekmel Özbay5Şadan Özcan6Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyNanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyNanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyNanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyNanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyNanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyDepartment of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, TurkeyThe refractive index change obtained after annealed proton exchange (APE) in lithium niobate (LiNbO<sub>3</sub>) crystals depends on both the proton exchange process carried out in hot acid and the structure of the crystals. In devices produced by the APE method, dislocations and lattice defects within the crystal structure are considered to be primary contributors to refractive index discontinuities and waveguide instability. In this study, the effects of pre-annealing LiNbO<sub>3</sub> crystals at 500 °C on multifunctional integrated optical chips (MIOCs) were investigated through interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope (IFOG) system-level tests. It was observed that the pre-annealing process resulted in an improvement in the optical throughput of MIOCs (from %34 to %51) and the temperature-dependent bias drift stability of the IFOG (from 0.031–0.038°/h to 0.012–0.019°/h). The angle random walk (ARW) was measured as 0.0056 deg/√h.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/11/11/1057lithium niobateMIOCelectro-optical modulatorpre-annealingIFOG |
| spellingShingle | Ercan Karagöz Fatma Yasemin Aşık Mutlu Gökkavas Erkut Emin Akbaş Aylin Yertutanol Ekmel Özbay Şadan Özcan Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Photonics lithium niobate MIOC electro-optical modulator pre-annealing IFOG |
| title | Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub> |
| title_full | Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub> |
| title_fullStr | Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub> |
| title_short | Reduction in Temperature-Dependent Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Bias Drift by Using Multifunctional Integrated Optical Chip Fabricated on Pre-Annealed LiNbO<sub>3</sub> |
| title_sort | reduction in temperature dependent fiber optic gyroscope bias drift by using multifunctional integrated optical chip fabricated on pre annealed linbo sub 3 sub |
| topic | lithium niobate MIOC electro-optical modulator pre-annealing IFOG |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/11/11/1057 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ercankaragoz reductionintemperaturedependentfiberopticgyroscopebiasdriftbyusingmultifunctionalintegratedopticalchipfabricatedonpreannealedlinbosub3sub AT fatmayaseminasık reductionintemperaturedependentfiberopticgyroscopebiasdriftbyusingmultifunctionalintegratedopticalchipfabricatedonpreannealedlinbosub3sub AT mutlugokkavas reductionintemperaturedependentfiberopticgyroscopebiasdriftbyusingmultifunctionalintegratedopticalchipfabricatedonpreannealedlinbosub3sub AT erkuteminakbas reductionintemperaturedependentfiberopticgyroscopebiasdriftbyusingmultifunctionalintegratedopticalchipfabricatedonpreannealedlinbosub3sub AT aylinyertutanol reductionintemperaturedependentfiberopticgyroscopebiasdriftbyusingmultifunctionalintegratedopticalchipfabricatedonpreannealedlinbosub3sub AT ekmelozbay reductionintemperaturedependentfiberopticgyroscopebiasdriftbyusingmultifunctionalintegratedopticalchipfabricatedonpreannealedlinbosub3sub AT sadanozcan reductionintemperaturedependentfiberopticgyroscopebiasdriftbyusingmultifunctionalintegratedopticalchipfabricatedonpreannealedlinbosub3sub |