Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural Networks

Most studies indicate that bimodal emotion recognition systems are more objective and accurate. However, many of these systems depend on physiological signals that require direct measurement, which introduces certain limitations. This study aims to develop a new bimodal emotion recognition system ba...

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Main Authors: Sayat Orynbassar, Duygun Erol Barkana, Evan Yershov, Madiyar Nurgaliyev, Ahmet Saymbetov, Batyrbek Zholamanov, Gulbakhar Dosymbetova, Ainur Kapparova, Nursultan Koshkarbay, Nurzhigit Kuttybay, Askhat Bolatbek, Kymbat Kopbay, Dinara Almen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
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Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11006048/
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author Sayat Orynbassar
Duygun Erol Barkana
Evan Yershov
Madiyar Nurgaliyev
Ahmet Saymbetov
Batyrbek Zholamanov
Gulbakhar Dosymbetova
Ainur Kapparova
Nursultan Koshkarbay
Nurzhigit Kuttybay
Askhat Bolatbek
Kymbat Kopbay
Dinara Almen
author_facet Sayat Orynbassar
Duygun Erol Barkana
Evan Yershov
Madiyar Nurgaliyev
Ahmet Saymbetov
Batyrbek Zholamanov
Gulbakhar Dosymbetova
Ainur Kapparova
Nursultan Koshkarbay
Nurzhigit Kuttybay
Askhat Bolatbek
Kymbat Kopbay
Dinara Almen
author_sort Sayat Orynbassar
collection DOAJ
description Most studies indicate that bimodal emotion recognition systems are more objective and accurate. However, many of these systems depend on physiological signals that require direct measurement, which introduces certain limitations. This study aims to develop a new bimodal emotion recognition system based on skin temperature (SKT) and heart rate variability (HRV) using hybrid neural networks. Notably, these physiological signals can be measured remotely, addressing the limitations of direct measurement methods. The integration of these modalities enables the model to effectively utilize both spatial and temporal features for robust emotion classification. The hybrid neural network, combining a convolutional neural network and a gated recurrent unit (CNN+GRU), was trained on experimental SKT and HRV data collected from individuals experiencing basic emotions such as anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. The trained model achieved an accuracy of 95.58%, outperforming existing approaches that use only a single data modality. Confusion matrix analysis demonstrated high accuracy in recognizing most basic emotions. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in combining physiological and visual signals for improved emotion recognition.
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publishDate 2025-01-01
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spelling doaj-art-d8f4f18356f84c8a8735029af5d3e14e2025-08-20T02:26:26ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113882158822910.1109/ACCESS.2025.357078511006048Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural NetworksSayat Orynbassar0https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9124-2560Duygun Erol Barkana1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8929-0459Evan Yershov2Madiyar Nurgaliyev3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6795-5384Ahmet Saymbetov4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3442-8550Batyrbek Zholamanov5Gulbakhar Dosymbetova6Ainur Kapparova7Nursultan Koshkarbay8https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2334-3249Nurzhigit Kuttybay9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5723-6642Askhat Bolatbek10https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7613-5507Kymbat Kopbay11Dinara Almen12https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8527-4921Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe Üniversitesi, İstanbul, TürkiyeFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanFaculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, KazakhstanMost studies indicate that bimodal emotion recognition systems are more objective and accurate. However, many of these systems depend on physiological signals that require direct measurement, which introduces certain limitations. This study aims to develop a new bimodal emotion recognition system based on skin temperature (SKT) and heart rate variability (HRV) using hybrid neural networks. Notably, these physiological signals can be measured remotely, addressing the limitations of direct measurement methods. The integration of these modalities enables the model to effectively utilize both spatial and temporal features for robust emotion classification. The hybrid neural network, combining a convolutional neural network and a gated recurrent unit (CNN+GRU), was trained on experimental SKT and HRV data collected from individuals experiencing basic emotions such as anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. The trained model achieved an accuracy of 95.58%, outperforming existing approaches that use only a single data modality. Confusion matrix analysis demonstrated high accuracy in recognizing most basic emotions. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in combining physiological and visual signals for improved emotion recognition.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11006048/Emotion recognitionthermographic imagesheart rate variabilityCNNRNN
spellingShingle Sayat Orynbassar
Duygun Erol Barkana
Evan Yershov
Madiyar Nurgaliyev
Ahmet Saymbetov
Batyrbek Zholamanov
Gulbakhar Dosymbetova
Ainur Kapparova
Nursultan Koshkarbay
Nurzhigit Kuttybay
Askhat Bolatbek
Kymbat Kopbay
Dinara Almen
Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural Networks
IEEE Access
Emotion recognition
thermographic images
heart rate variability
CNN
RNN
title Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural Networks
title_full Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural Networks
title_fullStr Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural Networks
title_full_unstemmed Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural Networks
title_short Development of Bimodal Emotion Recognition System Based on Skin Temperature and Heart Rate Variability Using Hybrid Neural Networks
title_sort development of bimodal emotion recognition system based on skin temperature and heart rate variability using hybrid neural networks
topic Emotion recognition
thermographic images
heart rate variability
CNN
RNN
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11006048/
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