Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that accounts for two-thirds of all dementia cases, and age is the strongest risk factor. In addition to the amyloid hypothesis, lipid dysregulation is now recognized as a core component of AD pathology. Gangliosides are a clas...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wenxuan Wang, Sarah J. Myers, Nikita Ollen-Bittle, Shawn N. Whitehead
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-02-01
Series:Neurobiology of Disease
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996125000142
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1832590012045066240
author Wenxuan Wang
Sarah J. Myers
Nikita Ollen-Bittle
Shawn N. Whitehead
author_facet Wenxuan Wang
Sarah J. Myers
Nikita Ollen-Bittle
Shawn N. Whitehead
author_sort Wenxuan Wang
collection DOAJ
description Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that accounts for two-thirds of all dementia cases, and age is the strongest risk factor. In addition to the amyloid hypothesis, lipid dysregulation is now recognized as a core component of AD pathology. Gangliosides are a class of membrane lipids of the glycosphingolipid family and are enriched in the central nervous system (CNS). Ganglioside dysregulation has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, but the spatial distribution of ganglioside dysregulation with respect to amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition is not well understood. To address this gap, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was employed to investigate the age-dependent expression profiles of the A-series ganglioside species GD1a, GM1, GM2, and GM3 in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of AD in which age-dependent amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques develop. This study utilized a dual-resolution approach in combination with whole-brain imaging for comprehensive detection of ganglioside expression across neuroanatomical regions via high-resolution imaging of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus to investigate plaque-associated ganglioside alterations. The results revealed age-dependent changes in the complex gangliosides GM1 and GD1a across white and gray matter regions in both wildtype and APP/PS1 mice. Significantly greater levels of simple gangliosides GM2 and GM3 were observed in the cortex and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in transgenic mice at 12 and 18 m than in age-matched controls. The accumulation of GM3 colocalized with Aβ plaques in aged APP/PS1 mice and correlated with Hexa gene expression, suggesting that ganglioside degradation is a mechanism for the accumulation of GM3. This work is the first to demonstrate that age-related ganglioside dysregulation is spatiotemporally associated with Aβ plaques using sophisticated MSI and reveals novel mechanistic insights into lipid regulation in AD.
format Article
id doaj-art-d8edc78929f848ffa27554a53b8f5fd3
institution Kabale University
issn 1095-953X
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Neurobiology of Disease
spelling doaj-art-d8edc78929f848ffa27554a53b8f5fd32025-01-24T04:44:43ZengElsevierNeurobiology of Disease1095-953X2025-02-01205106798Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's diseaseWenxuan Wang0Sarah J. Myers1Nikita Ollen-Bittle2Shawn N. Whitehead3Vulnerable Brain Lab, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, CanadaVulnerable Brain Lab, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, CanadaVulnerable Brain Lab, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, CanadaCorresponding author at: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 458 Medical Sciences Building, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.; Vulnerable Brain Lab, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, CanadaAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that accounts for two-thirds of all dementia cases, and age is the strongest risk factor. In addition to the amyloid hypothesis, lipid dysregulation is now recognized as a core component of AD pathology. Gangliosides are a class of membrane lipids of the glycosphingolipid family and are enriched in the central nervous system (CNS). Ganglioside dysregulation has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, but the spatial distribution of ganglioside dysregulation with respect to amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition is not well understood. To address this gap, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was employed to investigate the age-dependent expression profiles of the A-series ganglioside species GD1a, GM1, GM2, and GM3 in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of AD in which age-dependent amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques develop. This study utilized a dual-resolution approach in combination with whole-brain imaging for comprehensive detection of ganglioside expression across neuroanatomical regions via high-resolution imaging of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus to investigate plaque-associated ganglioside alterations. The results revealed age-dependent changes in the complex gangliosides GM1 and GD1a across white and gray matter regions in both wildtype and APP/PS1 mice. Significantly greater levels of simple gangliosides GM2 and GM3 were observed in the cortex and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in transgenic mice at 12 and 18 m than in age-matched controls. The accumulation of GM3 colocalized with Aβ plaques in aged APP/PS1 mice and correlated with Hexa gene expression, suggesting that ganglioside degradation is a mechanism for the accumulation of GM3. This work is the first to demonstrate that age-related ganglioside dysregulation is spatiotemporally associated with Aβ plaques using sophisticated MSI and reveals novel mechanistic insights into lipid regulation in AD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996125000142Alzheimer's diseaseAgingAmyloidGangliosideLipid dysregulationMass spectrometry imaging
spellingShingle Wenxuan Wang
Sarah J. Myers
Nikita Ollen-Bittle
Shawn N. Whitehead
Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Neurobiology of Disease
Alzheimer's disease
Aging
Amyloid
Ganglioside
Lipid dysregulation
Mass spectrometry imaging
title Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
title_full Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
title_fullStr Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
title_full_unstemmed Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
title_short Elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives GM2 and GM3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
title_sort elevation of ganglioside degradation pathway drives gm2 and gm3 within amyloid plaques in a transgenic mouse model of alzheimer s disease
topic Alzheimer's disease
Aging
Amyloid
Ganglioside
Lipid dysregulation
Mass spectrometry imaging
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969996125000142
work_keys_str_mv AT wenxuanwang elevationofgangliosidedegradationpathwaydrivesgm2andgm3withinamyloidplaquesinatransgenicmousemodelofalzheimersdisease
AT sarahjmyers elevationofgangliosidedegradationpathwaydrivesgm2andgm3withinamyloidplaquesinatransgenicmousemodelofalzheimersdisease
AT nikitaollenbittle elevationofgangliosidedegradationpathwaydrivesgm2andgm3withinamyloidplaquesinatransgenicmousemodelofalzheimersdisease
AT shawnnwhitehead elevationofgangliosidedegradationpathwaydrivesgm2andgm3withinamyloidplaquesinatransgenicmousemodelofalzheimersdisease