Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolution
Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) is a major plant pathogen causing significant economic losses in tomato production worldwide. Understanding its genetic diversity and evolutionary mechanisms is crucial for effective disease management. This study analyzed TSWV isolates from symptomatic tom...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1618327/full |
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| author | Dijana Škorić Jelena Zindović Dorotea Grbin Patrik Pul Vladan Božović Paolo Margaria Nataša Mehle Nataša Mehle Anja Pecman Zala Kogej Zwitter Zala Kogej Zwitter Denis Kutnjak Ana Vučurović |
| author_facet | Dijana Škorić Jelena Zindović Dorotea Grbin Patrik Pul Vladan Božović Paolo Margaria Nataša Mehle Nataša Mehle Anja Pecman Zala Kogej Zwitter Zala Kogej Zwitter Denis Kutnjak Ana Vučurović |
| author_sort | Dijana Škorić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) is a major plant pathogen causing significant economic losses in tomato production worldwide. Understanding its genetic diversity and evolutionary mechanisms is crucial for effective disease management. This study analyzed TSWV isolates from symptomatic tomato plants collected across Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia between 2020 and 2024. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) was employed to obtain whole-genome sequences, followed by phylogenetic analyses to assess genetic variability and relationships among isolates from these three countries and other isolates of worldwide geographic origin. Phylogenetic analyses placed all studied isolates within the L1-M3-S3 genotype, commonly associated with solanaceous crops in Europe. While Croatian and Slovenian isolates exhibited high genetic similarity, Montenegrin isolates clustered in a distinct subgroup, showing closer relationships to Asian and Mediterranean accessions. Despite the severe disease symptoms observed, no substitutions in the NSm protein associated with resistance-breaking (RB) phenotypes were detected. These findings suggest that additional virome components, environmental factors or so far unknown mechanism(s) may contribute to infection and disease severity in tomato and strongly support the need of continuous surveillance of TSWV genetic diversity in order to inform breeding programs and develop sustainable management strategies to mitigate future outbreaks. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d8bd13a782d848d190a502fbcdd44b7f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d8bd13a782d848d190a502fbcdd44b7f2025-08-20T03:08:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-07-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.16183271618327Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolutionDijana Škorić0Jelena Zindović1Dorotea Grbin2Patrik Pul3Vladan Božović4Paolo Margaria5Nataša Mehle6Nataša Mehle7Anja Pecman8Zala Kogej Zwitter9Zala Kogej Zwitter10Denis Kutnjak11Ana Vučurović12Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Plant Protection, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, MontenegroDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Food Technology, Food Safety and Ecology, University of Donja Gorica, Podgorica, MontenegroPlant Virus Department, Leibniz Institute DSMZ GmbH, Braunschweig, GermanyDepartment of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, SloveniaSchool of Viticulture and Enology, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, SloveniaDepartment of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, SloveniaJožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, SloveniaTomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) is a major plant pathogen causing significant economic losses in tomato production worldwide. Understanding its genetic diversity and evolutionary mechanisms is crucial for effective disease management. This study analyzed TSWV isolates from symptomatic tomato plants collected across Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia between 2020 and 2024. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) was employed to obtain whole-genome sequences, followed by phylogenetic analyses to assess genetic variability and relationships among isolates from these three countries and other isolates of worldwide geographic origin. Phylogenetic analyses placed all studied isolates within the L1-M3-S3 genotype, commonly associated with solanaceous crops in Europe. While Croatian and Slovenian isolates exhibited high genetic similarity, Montenegrin isolates clustered in a distinct subgroup, showing closer relationships to Asian and Mediterranean accessions. Despite the severe disease symptoms observed, no substitutions in the NSm protein associated with resistance-breaking (RB) phenotypes were detected. These findings suggest that additional virome components, environmental factors or so far unknown mechanism(s) may contribute to infection and disease severity in tomato and strongly support the need of continuous surveillance of TSWV genetic diversity in order to inform breeding programs and develop sustainable management strategies to mitigate future outbreaks.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1618327/fulltomatoHTSphylogenyTSWVplant virus |
| spellingShingle | Dijana Škorić Jelena Zindović Dorotea Grbin Patrik Pul Vladan Božović Paolo Margaria Nataša Mehle Nataša Mehle Anja Pecman Zala Kogej Zwitter Zala Kogej Zwitter Denis Kutnjak Ana Vučurović Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolution Frontiers in Microbiology tomato HTS phylogeny TSWV plant virus |
| title | Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolution |
| title_full | Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolution |
| title_fullStr | Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolution |
| title_short | Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from Croatia, Montenegro and Slovenia: genetic diversity and evolution |
| title_sort | tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato from croatia montenegro and slovenia genetic diversity and evolution |
| topic | tomato HTS phylogeny TSWV plant virus |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1618327/full |
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