β-Hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation elevates testosterone levels without significant changes to cortisol, IGF-1, or growth hormone in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials

β-Hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation elevates testosterone levels without significant changes to cortisol, IGF-1, or growth hormone in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials

Background and aimIncreasing interest in improving physical performance and muscle mass in adults has highlighted the potential benefits of β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation. While numerous studies have been conducted in this area, the hormonal response to HMB remains unclear. We hyp...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mohammad Vesal Bideshki, Behrad Sadeghi, Mehrdad Behzadi, Hannane Jozi, Hadi Eskandari Damaneh, Ali Rashidinejad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
HMB supplementation
hormonal response
anabolic effects
testosterone
metaanalysis
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1582135/full
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