Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Background: Most COVID-19 patients have mild or moderate illnesses that can progress to severe illness, leading to hospitalization and/or mortality. The use of antivirals to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients shows conflicting result and efficacy remain unclear. This st...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Interna Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Acta Medica Indonesiana |
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| Online Access: | http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/2136 |
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| author | David Setyo Budi Puguh Oktavian Tri Pudy Asmarawati Pudji Lestari Fauziah Ariviani Raka Ihsanulhaj Tamara Tsania Danise Febiola Naomi Lesmana Putri |
| author_facet | David Setyo Budi Puguh Oktavian Tri Pudy Asmarawati Pudji Lestari Fauziah Ariviani Raka Ihsanulhaj Tamara Tsania Danise Febiola Naomi Lesmana Putri |
| author_sort | David Setyo Budi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Most COVID-19 patients have mild or moderate illnesses that can progress to severe illness, leading to hospitalization and/or mortality. The use of antivirals to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients shows conflicting result and efficacy remain unclear. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of antivirals therapy in COVID-19 outpatients. Methods: Search were conducted in Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Springer, medRxiv, Journal Storage [JSTOR], and Directory of Open Access Journals [DOAJ] for articles investigating antivirals in COVID-19 outpatients. In addition, clinical and virological outcomes, COVID-19 hospitalization, all caused mortality, and adverse events were assessed. Results: Thirteen studies were included in this review. The consecutive data from these studies suggested that favipiravir is more optimally used in early disease, but improvement in symptoms shows inconsistent results. Meanwhile, molnupiravir shows consistent results, which can reduce hospitalization and mortality risk. In addition, remdesivir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir have the potential to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in outpatients, but the data provided in this study are very limited. Finally, there is no significant difference in serious and non-serious adverse events, highlighting that antivirals have a good safety profile. Conclusion: This study provides an overview of the role of various antivirals therapy in COVID-19 outpatients. Molnupiravir, remdesivir, and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir have shown potential to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in early disease. However, this review was based on very limited data. Therefore, further clinical trials are needed to confirm this finding.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d831c1bc80434050ab3298a3c09b7be7 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0125-9326 2338-2732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Interna Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Medica Indonesiana |
| spelling | doaj-art-d831c1bc80434050ab3298a3c09b7be72025-08-20T03:11:40ZengInterna PublishingActa Medica Indonesiana0125-93262338-27322023-01-01544Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled TrialsDavid Setyo Budi0Puguh Oktavian1Tri Pudy Asmarawati2Pudji Lestari3Fauziah Ariviani4Raka Ihsanulhaj5Tamara Tsania6Danise Febiola7Naomi Lesmana Putri8Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaFaculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga - Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaFaculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaFaculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaFaculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaFaculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaFaculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaBackground: Most COVID-19 patients have mild or moderate illnesses that can progress to severe illness, leading to hospitalization and/or mortality. The use of antivirals to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients shows conflicting result and efficacy remain unclear. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of antivirals therapy in COVID-19 outpatients. Methods: Search were conducted in Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Springer, medRxiv, Journal Storage [JSTOR], and Directory of Open Access Journals [DOAJ] for articles investigating antivirals in COVID-19 outpatients. In addition, clinical and virological outcomes, COVID-19 hospitalization, all caused mortality, and adverse events were assessed. Results: Thirteen studies were included in this review. The consecutive data from these studies suggested that favipiravir is more optimally used in early disease, but improvement in symptoms shows inconsistent results. Meanwhile, molnupiravir shows consistent results, which can reduce hospitalization and mortality risk. In addition, remdesivir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir have the potential to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in outpatients, but the data provided in this study are very limited. Finally, there is no significant difference in serious and non-serious adverse events, highlighting that antivirals have a good safety profile. Conclusion: This study provides an overview of the role of various antivirals therapy in COVID-19 outpatients. Molnupiravir, remdesivir, and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir have shown potential to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in early disease. However, this review was based on very limited data. Therefore, further clinical trials are needed to confirm this finding. http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/2136COVID-19SARS-COV-2antiviraloutpatientssystematic review |
| spellingShingle | David Setyo Budi Puguh Oktavian Tri Pudy Asmarawati Pudji Lestari Fauziah Ariviani Raka Ihsanulhaj Tamara Tsania Danise Febiola Naomi Lesmana Putri Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Acta Medica Indonesiana COVID-19 SARS-COV-2 antiviral outpatients systematic review |
| title | Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full | Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_fullStr | Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_short | Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_sort | antiviral treatment in covid 19 outpatients a systematic review of randomized controlled trials |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-COV-2 antiviral outpatients systematic review |
| url | http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/2136 |
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