Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle Charging

The paper presents a novel approach to instant on-the-road electric vehicle charging scheduling planning. It benefits from a mixed-integer mathematical optimization model employed to efficiently select charging stations along the route. It also utilizes machine learning models to approximate the tra...

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Main Authors: Piotr Palka, Tomasz Sliwinski, Przemyslaw Kaszynski, Marta Kuta, Bogdan Ruszczak, Marcin Malec, Piotr Saluga, Jacek Kaminski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11053806/
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author Piotr Palka
Tomasz Sliwinski
Przemyslaw Kaszynski
Marta Kuta
Bogdan Ruszczak
Marcin Malec
Piotr Saluga
Jacek Kaminski
author_facet Piotr Palka
Tomasz Sliwinski
Przemyslaw Kaszynski
Marta Kuta
Bogdan Ruszczak
Marcin Malec
Piotr Saluga
Jacek Kaminski
author_sort Piotr Palka
collection DOAJ
description The paper presents a novel approach to instant on-the-road electric vehicle charging scheduling planning. It benefits from a mixed-integer mathematical optimization model employed to efficiently select charging stations along the route. It also utilizes machine learning models to approximate the traction battery state of charge using data on driving conditions (energy, speed, travel time, etc.) for individual route sections, considering the driver’s habits and preferences. The research details the functional requirements of this procedure application and its architecture. A step-by-step description of the optimization model is provided, in particular, the constraints responsible for the non-linear model of charging time, the varying time zone-dependent trip parameters (including rush hours), as well as the used optimization criteria, and the scalarization methods. Unlike other existing methods, the combination of the aforementioned mixed-integer mathematical optimization model and machine learning predictors allows for consideration of several factors and adaptation to actual data. Experiments are carried out on the operation of the application, including very long routes (with the actual Warsaw-Zakopane, 412 km long test drives). The results show enhanced, satisfactory execution times, from 0.088 [s] (for a simple model without time zones and with a linear charging model) to 0.365 [s] (for a model without time zones and with a non-linear charging model).
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issn 2169-3536
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spelling doaj-art-d7f51712535d4b59adf663a2ff04387b2025-08-20T03:33:34ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-011311390511392310.1109/ACCESS.2025.358392911053806Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle ChargingPiotr Palka0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-363XTomasz Sliwinski1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-1830Przemyslaw Kaszynski2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-4374Marta Kuta3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0163-5801Bogdan Ruszczak4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1089-1778Marcin Malec5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-9613Piotr Saluga6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-9947Jacek Kaminski7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-8761Institute of Control and Computation Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Control and Computation Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandPolish Academy of Sciences, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Kraków, PolandFaculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Krakow, Kraków, PolandFaculty of Computer Science, Opole University of Technology, Opole, PolandPolish Academy of Sciences, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Kraków, PolandFaculty of Applied Sciences, WSB University, Dąbrowa Górnicza, PolandPolish Academy of Sciences, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Kraków, PolandThe paper presents a novel approach to instant on-the-road electric vehicle charging scheduling planning. It benefits from a mixed-integer mathematical optimization model employed to efficiently select charging stations along the route. It also utilizes machine learning models to approximate the traction battery state of charge using data on driving conditions (energy, speed, travel time, etc.) for individual route sections, considering the driver’s habits and preferences. The research details the functional requirements of this procedure application and its architecture. A step-by-step description of the optimization model is provided, in particular, the constraints responsible for the non-linear model of charging time, the varying time zone-dependent trip parameters (including rush hours), as well as the used optimization criteria, and the scalarization methods. Unlike other existing methods, the combination of the aforementioned mixed-integer mathematical optimization model and machine learning predictors allows for consideration of several factors and adaptation to actual data. Experiments are carried out on the operation of the application, including very long routes (with the actual Warsaw-Zakopane, 412 km long test drives). The results show enhanced, satisfactory execution times, from 0.088 [s] (for a simple model without time zones and with a linear charging model) to 0.365 [s] (for a model without time zones and with a non-linear charging model).https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11053806/Electric vehicleselectromobilityEVmachine learningmixed-integer programmingscheduling
spellingShingle Piotr Palka
Tomasz Sliwinski
Przemyslaw Kaszynski
Marta Kuta
Bogdan Ruszczak
Marcin Malec
Piotr Saluga
Jacek Kaminski
Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle Charging
IEEE Access
Electric vehicles
electromobility
EV
machine learning
mixed-integer programming
scheduling
title Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle Charging
title_full Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle Charging
title_fullStr Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle Charging
title_full_unstemmed Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle Charging
title_short Planning and Scheduling System for Electric Vehicle Charging
title_sort planning and scheduling system for electric vehicle charging
topic Electric vehicles
electromobility
EV
machine learning
mixed-integer programming
scheduling
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11053806/
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AT przemyslawkaszynski planningandschedulingsystemforelectricvehiclecharging
AT martakuta planningandschedulingsystemforelectricvehiclecharging
AT bogdanruszczak planningandschedulingsystemforelectricvehiclecharging
AT marcinmalec planningandschedulingsystemforelectricvehiclecharging
AT piotrsaluga planningandschedulingsystemforelectricvehiclecharging
AT jacekkaminski planningandschedulingsystemforelectricvehiclecharging