Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBI

Deep space exploration utilizing high-orbit vehicles is a vital approach for extending beyond near-Earth space, with orbit information serving as the foundation for all functional capabilities. The performance of orbit determination is primarily influenced by observation types, errors, geometrical s...

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Main Authors: Zhengcheng Wu, Shaojie Ni, Wei Xiao, Zongnan Li, Huicui Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Remote Sensing
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4214
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author Zhengcheng Wu
Shaojie Ni
Wei Xiao
Zongnan Li
Huicui Liu
author_facet Zhengcheng Wu
Shaojie Ni
Wei Xiao
Zongnan Li
Huicui Liu
author_sort Zhengcheng Wu
collection DOAJ
description Deep space exploration utilizing high-orbit vehicles is a vital approach for extending beyond near-Earth space, with orbit information serving as the foundation for all functional capabilities. The performance of orbit determination is primarily influenced by observation types, errors, geometrical structures, and physical perturbations. Currently, research on orbit determination for high-orbit spacecraft predominantly focuses on single observation methods, error characteristics, multi-source fusion techniques, and algorithms. However, these approaches often suffer from low observation accuracy and increased costs. This paper advocates for the comprehensive utilization of existing multi-source observation methods, such as GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging), and VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry), in research. The decoupled Kalman filter reveals a positive correlation between measurement positioning accuracy and orbit determination accuracy, and it derives a simple orbit performance evaluation model that considers the influence of observation value types and geometric configurations, without the need to introduce complex dynamic models. Simulations are then employed to verify and analyze antenna gain, observation values, and performance evaluation. The results indicate the following: (1) Under simulated conditions, the optimal strategy involves employing the SLR/VLBI dual system during periods when VLBI orbit determination is feasible, yielding an average Weighted Position Dilution of Precision (WPDOP) of 26.79. (2) For periods when VLBI orbit determination is not feasible, the optimal approach is to utilize the GNSS/SLR/VLBI triple system, resulting in an average WPDOP of 16.32. (3) The orbit determination performance of the triple system is not significantly impacted by the use of global SLR stations compared to using only Chinese SLR stations. However, the global network enables continuous, round-the-clock orbit determination capabilities.
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spelling doaj-art-d7cbe20436cc4fd289f5fa9b31dafac22025-08-20T02:27:38ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922024-11-011622421410.3390/rs16224214Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBIZhengcheng Wu0Shaojie Ni1Wei Xiao2Zongnan Li3Huicui Liu4College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaCollege of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaCollege of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaCollege of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, ChinaBeijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, ChinaDeep space exploration utilizing high-orbit vehicles is a vital approach for extending beyond near-Earth space, with orbit information serving as the foundation for all functional capabilities. The performance of orbit determination is primarily influenced by observation types, errors, geometrical structures, and physical perturbations. Currently, research on orbit determination for high-orbit spacecraft predominantly focuses on single observation methods, error characteristics, multi-source fusion techniques, and algorithms. However, these approaches often suffer from low observation accuracy and increased costs. This paper advocates for the comprehensive utilization of existing multi-source observation methods, such as GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging), and VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry), in research. The decoupled Kalman filter reveals a positive correlation between measurement positioning accuracy and orbit determination accuracy, and it derives a simple orbit performance evaluation model that considers the influence of observation value types and geometric configurations, without the need to introduce complex dynamic models. Simulations are then employed to verify and analyze antenna gain, observation values, and performance evaluation. The results indicate the following: (1) Under simulated conditions, the optimal strategy involves employing the SLR/VLBI dual system during periods when VLBI orbit determination is feasible, yielding an average Weighted Position Dilution of Precision (WPDOP) of 26.79. (2) For periods when VLBI orbit determination is not feasible, the optimal approach is to utilize the GNSS/SLR/VLBI triple system, resulting in an average WPDOP of 16.32. (3) The orbit determination performance of the triple system is not significantly impacted by the use of global SLR stations compared to using only Chinese SLR stations. However, the global network enables continuous, round-the-clock orbit determination capabilities.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4214high-orbit vehicleGNSS/SLR/VLBIKalman filter decouplingorbit determination performance evaluation modelWPDOP
spellingShingle Zhengcheng Wu
Shaojie Ni
Wei Xiao
Zongnan Li
Huicui Liu
Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBI
Remote Sensing
high-orbit vehicle
GNSS/SLR/VLBI
Kalman filter decoupling
orbit determination performance evaluation model
WPDOP
title Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBI
title_full Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBI
title_fullStr Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBI
title_full_unstemmed Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBI
title_short Study on the Feasibility and Performance Evaluation of High-Orbit Spacecraft Orbit Determination Based on GNSS/SLR/VLBI
title_sort study on the feasibility and performance evaluation of high orbit spacecraft orbit determination based on gnss slr vlbi
topic high-orbit vehicle
GNSS/SLR/VLBI
Kalman filter decoupling
orbit determination performance evaluation model
WPDOP
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4214
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AT weixiao studyonthefeasibilityandperformanceevaluationofhighorbitspacecraftorbitdeterminationbasedongnssslrvlbi
AT zongnanli studyonthefeasibilityandperformanceevaluationofhighorbitspacecraftorbitdeterminationbasedongnssslrvlbi
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