Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey

IntroductionNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a cross-sectional survey that gathered information about people’s health and nutrition. The aim of this study is to investigate potential associations between vitamin intake and cancer risk using this database.MethodsThe NHANES...

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Main Authors: Youfei Wen, Xiuzhen Yang, Yan Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1561251/full
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author Youfei Wen
Youfei Wen
Xiuzhen Yang
Yan Huang
author_facet Youfei Wen
Youfei Wen
Xiuzhen Yang
Yan Huang
author_sort Youfei Wen
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a cross-sectional survey that gathered information about people’s health and nutrition. The aim of this study is to investigate potential associations between vitamin intake and cancer risk using this database.MethodsThe NHANES data set encompassed a wide range of variables, including vitamins, cancer, and others. Logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS) and subgroup analysis were used to test the potential link between vitamin consumption and cancer risk.ResultsIn total, 29, 138 individuals were included in this study, while 2,924 of them had a diagnosis of cancer. The odds of developing cancer were reduced for persons consuming the highest quartile of dietary niacin compared to those consuming the lowest quartile [odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, 95% confidence range = 0.65, 0.95, p = 0.015]. However, after adjusting for all confounding factors, as the intake of vitamin A gradually increased, the risk of tumor occurrence correspondingly increased (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.13, 1.69, p = 0.002). Subgroup analysis and RCS models showed similar results. Only when the intake of folic acid is 267–367 mcg, folic acid is positively correlated with the risk of tumors. Vitamins E, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, K, alpha-carotene and beta-carotene were not associated with the risk of tumor development.ConclusionVitamin A intake is positively correlated with the occurrence of tumors, while niacin intake is negatively correlated with the incidence of tumors. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify these findings.
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spelling doaj-art-d736fd53d1944f9089ac7973e892a3842025-08-20T01:51:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-04-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15612511561251Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination surveyYoufei Wen0Youfei Wen1Xiuzhen Yang2Yan Huang3Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guiyang, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Gui’an Hospital of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, ChinaIntroductionNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a cross-sectional survey that gathered information about people’s health and nutrition. The aim of this study is to investigate potential associations between vitamin intake and cancer risk using this database.MethodsThe NHANES data set encompassed a wide range of variables, including vitamins, cancer, and others. Logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS) and subgroup analysis were used to test the potential link between vitamin consumption and cancer risk.ResultsIn total, 29, 138 individuals were included in this study, while 2,924 of them had a diagnosis of cancer. The odds of developing cancer were reduced for persons consuming the highest quartile of dietary niacin compared to those consuming the lowest quartile [odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, 95% confidence range = 0.65, 0.95, p = 0.015]. However, after adjusting for all confounding factors, as the intake of vitamin A gradually increased, the risk of tumor occurrence correspondingly increased (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.13, 1.69, p = 0.002). Subgroup analysis and RCS models showed similar results. Only when the intake of folic acid is 267–367 mcg, folic acid is positively correlated with the risk of tumors. Vitamins E, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, K, alpha-carotene and beta-carotene were not associated with the risk of tumor development.ConclusionVitamin A intake is positively correlated with the occurrence of tumors, while niacin intake is negatively correlated with the incidence of tumors. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify these findings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1561251/fullvitaminscancerniacinvitamin ANHANES
spellingShingle Youfei Wen
Youfei Wen
Xiuzhen Yang
Yan Huang
Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey
Frontiers in Nutrition
vitamins
cancer
niacin
vitamin A
NHANES
title Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey
title_full Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey
title_fullStr Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey
title_full_unstemmed Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey
title_short Associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in United States adults: 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey
title_sort associations between vitamins intake and risk of cancer in united states adults 2003 to 2016 national health and nutrition examination survey
topic vitamins
cancer
niacin
vitamin A
NHANES
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1561251/full
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